Bone and Soft Tissue Tumours Flashcards
What is a malignant tumour arising from connective tissue?
Sarcoma
Sarcoma metastases
Haematogenous spread to lungs
Are benign or malignant tumours of the skeleton more common?
Benign
Benign bone forming tumours
Osteoid osteoma
Osteoblastoma
Malignant bone forming tumours
Osteosarcoma
Benign cartilage forming tumours
Enchondroma
Osteochondroma
Malignant cartilage forming tumours
Chondrosarcoma
Benign fibrous tissue tumours
Fibroma
Malignant fibrous tissue tumours
Fibrosarcoma
Malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH)
Benign vascular tissue tumours
Haemangioma
Aneurysmal bone cyst
Malignant vascular tissue tumours
Angiosarcoma
Benign adipose tissue tumours
Lipoma
Malignant adipose tissue tumours
Liposarcoma
Malignant marrow tissue tumours
Ewing’s sarcoma
Lymphoma
Myeloma
Other bone and soft tissue tumours
Benign, are locally destructive and can rarely metastasise - Giant Cell tumours (GCT)
Tumour-like lesions
Simple bone cyst
Fibrous cortical defect
Investigations
Plain x-rays CT Isotope bone scan MRI Angiography PET Biopsy
Cardinal features of malignant primary bone tumours
Increasing pain Unexplained pain Deep-seated boring nature Night pain Difficulty weight-bearing Deep swelling
Clinical features of bone tumours
Pain Loss of function Swelling Pathological fracture Joint effusion Deformity Neurovascular effects Systemic effects of neoplasia
Bone tumour pain
Deep boring ache, worse at night
Treatment
Chemotherapy
Surgery
Radiotherapy
Common primary cancers metastasising to bone
Lung Breast Prostate Kidney Thyroid GI tract Melanoma
