Croup Flashcards
What is another term for croup?
Laryngotracheobronchitis
Is croup an upper or lower respiratory tract infection?
Upper Respiratory Tract Infection
What is croup?
It is an URTI that leads to larynx oedema and secretions
What is the causative oranism of croup?
Parainfluenza viruses
What are the six risk factors of croup?
Children 6 Months – 2 Years Old
Parainfluenza Infection
Influenza Infection
Adenovirus Infection
RSV Infection
Autumn Period
What are the six clinical features of croup?
Barking Cough At Night
Coryzal Features
Low Grade Fever
Hoarse Voice
Stridor
Increased Work of Breathing
What are the four typical corzyal features?
Runny nose
Sneezing
Mucus in throat
Watery eyes
What are the four features of mild croup?
Occasional Barking Cough
No Audible Stridor At Rest
No /Mild Suprasternal And/Or Intercostal Recession
Child Appears Happy & Able To Eat, Drink & Play
What are the five features of moderate croup?
Frequent Barking Cough
Easily Audible Stridor At Rest
Suprasternal & Sternal Wall Retraction At Rest
No/Little Distress Or Agitation
Child Is Placated & Interested In Its Surroundings
What are the five features of severe croup?
Frequent Barking Cough
Prominent Inspiratory Stridor At Rest
Marked Sternal Wall Retractions
Significant Distress & Agitation, Or Lethargy Or Restlessness
Tachycardia & Severe Obstructive Features & Hypoxaemia
In most cases how is croup diagnosed?
Clinically
What investigation is used to confirm croup?
Chest X-Ray
What sign indicates croup on a CXR?
Steeple sign
What is the steeple sign? Which CXR view can this sign be demonstrated in?
It refers to subglottilc narrowing
Posterior-anterior view
How is croup typically managed?
It can be managed at home, with simple supportive treatment (fluids, rest) and safety netting advice on when to seek further medical attention
What are the four indications for hospital admission?
Severe/Moderate Croup
Child < 6 Months Old
Upper Airway Abnormalities
Diagnosis Uncertainty
What are the three pharmacological management options of croup?
Oral dexamethasone
Nebulised adrenalin
Nebulised budesonide
What dose of oral dexamethasone is used to manage croup?
A single dose of 0.15mg/kg
This dosage can be repeated if required after 12 hours
In which croup patients do we administer oral dexamethasone to?
All patients, regardless of severity
What alternative drug can be administered when dexamethasone is not available?
Prednisolone
How long does it usually take for coup to improve after oral dexamethasone administration?
< 48 hrs
What are the two supportive management options for croup?
High Flow Oxygen
Intubation & Ventilation
What is the stepwise management process for croup?
Dexamethasone
Oxygen
Nebulised budenoside
Nebulised adrenaline
Ventilation and intubation
