Crisis, Resilience, And Wellness

Question 1

Crisis

Answer 1

Time-limited period of disequilibrium caused by a stressor that temporarily affects an individual’s normal coping abilities, rendering them inadequate in dealing with circumstances. Potential for growth or negative outcomes.

Question 2

Eric Lindemann

Answer 2

Developed crisis models. Treated and studied survivors of Cocoanut Grove Nightclub fire. Found that counseling can help people affected by traumatic events.

Question 3

Gerard Caplan

Answer 3

Expanded Lindemann’s work by applying public health and preventive psychiatry principles.

Question 4

Trauma

Answer 4

Longer-term crisis which has no resolution or balance of stressors and available resources

Question 5

5 types of crises

Answer 5

1) Developmental (normal life experiences like career change, birth of child), 2) Environmental (natural or human-caused events such as hurricanes or war), 3) Existential (realizations of personal purpose and meaning), 4) Situational (event that is shocking and traumatic such as rape, accident), 5) Psychiatric (mental health or substance use problems)

Question 6

James Gilliland 6-step model for assessing client needs

Answer 6

1) Define problem, 2) Ensure client safety, 3) Provide support, 4) Examine alternatives, 5) Make plans, 6) Obtain commitment

Question 7

ABC-X model of family crises and stress

Answer 7

A) Provoking stressor/event, B) Family resources, C) Meaning attached to stressor/event, and X) the crisis

Question 8

Transcrisis

Answer 8

Traumatic event of an initial crisis is not fully dealt with and becomes submerged into a client’s subconscious. Subsequent similar events then trigger subconscious feelings.

Question 9

Burnout

Answer 9

Exhaustion from repeated exposure to stressful circumstances.

Question 10

Compassion fatigue

Answer 10

Secondary traumatic stress reaction. Hopelessness, decrease in pleasure, constant stress and anxiety, pervasive negative attitude.

Question 11

Vicarious trauma

Answer 11

Exposure to client disclosures of traumatic events. Can lead to secondary traumatic reaction, also affect counselor’s worldview and sense of self. Can result in long-term and pervasive attitudinal shifts

Question 12

Standard of care

Answer 12

reliable and appropriate interventions and precautions

Question 13

Foreseeability

Answer 13

discernment of likely client actions based on a comprehensive assessment of risk

Question 14

IS PATH WARM

Answer 14

Ideation, Substance abuse, Purposelessness, Anxiety, Trapped, Hopelessness, Withdrawal, Anger, Recklessness, and Mood change.

Question 15

SLAP

Answer 15

Suicide risk assessment. Specific details, Lethality of a plan, Availabilty of method, and Proximity of obtaining help.

Question 16

When do suicides most likely occur?

Answer 16

Under 35, over 65. Males are 4x more likely than women to commit suicide, though more women attempt it. Whites and Native Americans are most likely to attempt and complete suicide.

Question 17

What should counselors do for suicide clients?

Answer 17

Assess for risk and immediate danger. Remove method of harm delivery. Provide safe environment for client until risk is over. If risk is very high and client is not cooperative, involuntary hospitalization may be needed. Can create a check-in system, no suicide contract.

Question 18

Risk factors

Answer 18

Characteristics of students and clients that place them at higher risk of developing metnal disorders, academic problems, or personal-social difficulties.

Question 19

Resiliency factors

Answer 19

Characteristics that allow individuals to rebound from adversity

Question 20

Resilience categories

Answer 20

support, empowerment, boundaries and expectations, constructive use of time, commitment to learning, positive values, social competence, positive identity.

Question 21

Individual trauma

Answer 21

one person’s ability to cope with a crisis

Question 22

Collective trauma

Answer 22

entire community’s reaction to a crisis

Question 23

Crisis team

Answer 23

group of professionals from different backgrounds who are trained to respond to crisis.

Question 24

Psychological first aid

Answer 24

Meet client’s essential survival needs, then psychological needs, then get contact with friends

Question 25

Stafford act

Answer 25

US president may mobilize federal resources to support geographical areas affected by natural disasters.

Question 26

Trauma

Answer 26

May result from one-time occurrence, like violent crime or natural disaster, or from prolonged stressful situations like combat or chronic illness. Overwhelms individual and steals power and control, resulting in helplessness and questions of purpose.

Question 27

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

Answer 27

Hypervigilance, change in sleep patterns, intrusive thoughts, flashbacks, numbness, memory issues, avoiding places, triggers, or people that remind individual of trauma, mood disturbance, problems with focus.

Question 28

Judith Herman three phases of healing from traumatic situation

Answer 28

Establishment of safety, remembrance and mourning, reconnection with ordinary life.

Question 29

Conflict resolution

Answer 29

Way individuals seek resolution to interpersonal differences and involve negotiating, mediating, facilitating, and arbitrating.