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Summer 2018 Term (Calc 2, Crim 101, Math 240) > Criminology Chapter 8 > Flashcards

Criminology Chapter 8 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the discipline of psychology composed of?

A

Check first paragraph of pg.169

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2
Q

Define IQ

A

Check definition of pg.169

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3
Q

Who’s work linked low IQ and criminality today?

A

Check second paragraph of pg.169

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4
Q

What does psychology theories on crime focus on? 4 things

A

Check third paragraph of pg.169

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5
Q

What did positivist criminologists say about a connection between criminality and something?

A

Check second paragraph of pg.170

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6
Q

What happened in the study of the Kallikaks?

A

Check second paragraph of pg.170

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7
Q

Define feeble-mindedness

A

Check definition on pg.170

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8
Q

What did Edwin Sutherland theory argued for?

A

Check third paragraph of pg.170

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9
Q

What did Hirschi and Hindelang argued for?

A

Check fourth paragraph of pg.170

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10
Q

What did Herrnstein and Murray argued for and what did that cause?

A

Check fifth paragraph of pg.170 and 171

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11
Q

Draw figure 8.1

A

Check pg.171 for figure 8.1

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12
Q

Who was Sigmund Freud?

A

Check second paragraph of pg.171

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13
Q

Define psychoanalysis

A

Check definition on pg.171

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14
Q

What are 3 component of personality and what are they about?

A

Check first paragraph of pg.172

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15
Q

What is reality principle?

A

Check definition and first paragraph of pg.172

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16
Q

What is one example of how components of personality can control behavior?

A

Check second paragraph of pg.172

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17
Q

What have psychoanalytic theorists suggested for different paths to criminality? ( five things)

A

Check fourth paragraph pg.172, 173 and 175

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18
Q

Define Neurotic

A

Check definition on pg.172

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19
Q

Draw figure 8.2

A

Check figure 8.2 on pg.172

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20
Q

Definition of psychopathic

A

Check definition in box 8.1 on pg.173

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21
Q

What did Johns and Quay argued for about psychopaths?

A

Check 3 paragraph in box 8.1 on pg.173

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22
Q

How are people referred to sociopaths or anti-social offenders?

A

Check second paragraph on pg.173

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23
Q

What are three misconception about psychopathy?

A

Check fourth paragraph in box 8.1 on pg.173 and first and second paragraph on pg.174

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24
Q

Define APD

A

Check definition on pg.174

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25
Q

What is the difference between individuals with APD and those with psychopathy?

A

Check second paragraph on pg.174

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26
Q

How did Cleckley’s work “the Mask Of Sanity” influence the concept of psychopath?

A

Check fourth paragraph on pg.174

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27
Q

What happen in Williams, Paulhus and Hare’s research study and what did they claim?

A

Check fifth and sixth paragraph on pg.174

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28
Q

What is one example of measures for psychopathy?

A

Check fifth paragraph of pg.174

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29
Q

What was some of the issues that arise with psychoanalytic theories?

A

Check second paragraph of pg.175

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30
Q

What is one example of a psychoanalytic theory that remained influential in criminology today?

A

Control theory

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31
Q

What are some examples of psychological learning theories that contributed to criminology? 3 things

A

Check fourth paragraph on pg.175

32
Q

Draw figure 8.3

A

Check figure 8.3 on pg.176

33
Q

What happened in Ivan Parlov’s experiement with dogs

A

Check first paragraph of pg.176

34
Q

What was Eyesenck’s theory of criminal personality influenced by and what did he argued? Also defined them

A

Check second paragraph and definition on pg.176

35
Q

What is tied to level of extraversion? and define it

A

Check third paragraph and definition on pg.176

36
Q

What did Eysenck’s theory suggest?

A

Check fourth paragraph on pg.176

37
Q

What was Thorndike experiment about?

A

Check first paragraph on pg.177

38
Q

Define behaviorism

A

A learning theory that suggest all behavior can be shaped by rewards and punishment

39
Q

What did Skinner suggest and what was his experiment about?

A

Check second paragraph of pg.177

40
Q

What is Jeffery’s theory based on and what did it proposed?

A

Check third paragraph of pg.177

41
Q

What did Wilson and Herrnstein argued?

A

Check fourth paragraph of pg.177

42
Q

Define frustration-aggression hypothesis and goal responses

A

Check definition on pg.177

43
Q

What did Dollard, Miller, Doob, Mowrer and Sear argued and created what hypothesis?

A

Check fifth and sixth paragraph on pg.177 and second paragraph on pg.178

44
Q

Who was Albert Bandura?

A

Check third paragraph of pg.178

45
Q

What happened in Bandura’s experiment and what did he find out?

A

Check fourth paragraph of pg.178

46
Q

What did social cognitive theory included?

A

Check fifth paragraph of pg.178

47
Q

According to Bandura, _____ is an important form of learning

A

According to Bandura, modelling is an important form of learning

48
Q

Define modelling

A

Check definition on pg.178

49
Q

Define vicarious reinforcement

A

Check definition on pg.178

50
Q

What else did Bandura claimed?

A

Check last paragraph of pg.178

51
Q

What do social cognitive theorists believe in?

A

Check second paragraph of pg.179

52
Q

What is a key aspect of social cognitive theory and what is it about?

A

Check third paragraph of pg.179

53
Q

What is the collective efficacy theory?

A

Check fourth paragraph of pg.179

54
Q

What is the moral development theory and who created and what did it argue for?

A

Check last paragraph of pg.179 and pg.180

55
Q

Who extended the moral development theory and created the six stages of moral development? Also draw figure 8.4

A

Check second paragraph of pg.180 and check figure 8.4 on pg.180

56
Q

What was the six stages of moral development about? HARD ONE

A

Check first - third paragraph of pg.181

57
Q

What did Kohlberg’s idea on moral development suggest?

A

Check fourth paragraph of pg.181

58
Q

Draw figure 8.5

A

Check figure 8.5 on pg.182

59
Q

What did Andrews and Bonta’s PIC-R theory argued?

A

Check second paragraph of pg.182

60
Q

What are key explanatory mechanisms in PIC-R theory derived from?

A

Check first paragraph of pg.183

61
Q

What are aspects of modelling, classical and operant conditioning are used for? two things

A

Check second paragraph of pg.183

62
Q

Why are social systems and environments important to understanding criminal behaviors? according to Andrews and Bonta?

A

Check third paragraph of pg.183

63
Q

What are DLC theories and what are three key influences?

A

Check “Integration Across the Life Course: developmental and Life-Course Criminology” on pg.183

64
Q

What are some factors that DLC theories have incorporated?

A

Check first paragraph on pg.184

65
Q

What was Farrington’s ICAP theory about and what is the key construct in the theory? What did Farrington argued?

A

Check second paragraph on pg.184

66
Q

What are two environmental and/or immediate situational factors that might lead to offending?

A

Check third paragraph on pg.184

67
Q

What was Moffitt’s developmental taxonomy about? what was it used for?

A

Check fourth paragraph on pg.184

68
Q

What are the characteristics of LCP offenders?

A

Check fifth paragraph on pg.184

69
Q

What did Moffitt state about neuropsychological deficits and their consequences?

A

Check last paragraph on pg.184 and 185

70
Q

What are the characteristics of AL offenders?

A

Check second paragraph of pg.185

71
Q

What did Moffitt claim about AL offenders?

A

Check third paragraph of pg.185

72
Q

The medical model was introduced by what school?

A

The medical model was introduced by the positivist school

73
Q

Who implemented early correctional treatment approach in prison and what was it influenced by? What did correctional treatment model shift to in 1950s and 1960s?

A

Check fifth paragraph on pg.185

74
Q

What were the characteristics of the risk assessment and what were some instruments used to predict risk? What are the risk assessment derived from?

A

Check last paragraph on pg.185 and 186

75
Q

What is an example of a psychological theory that contributed to policies that target chronic and persistent offenders? and how?

A

Check second paragraph of pg.186

Summer 2018 Term (Calc 2, Crim 101, Math 240) (27 decks)

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