Criminal Behaviour (Restorative Justice) Flashcards
What is restorative justice developed as?
An alternative to traditional methods of punishment.
Can restorative justice be used with traditional punishments?
Yes, it can be used as a substitute or in conjunction with traditional methods.
What is the main aim of restorative justice?
To restore relationships between the offender, the victim, and the community.
How does restorative justice help victims?
It improves their experience and helps repair the harm caused by the crime.
What does restorative justice encourage in offenders?
To accept responsibility for their actions (Andrews and Bonta, 2006).
How can restorative justice reduce reoffending?
By helping offenders develop empathy and understand the impact of their actions.
What opportunity does restorative justice give victims?
To meet or communicate with their offenders and explain the real impact of the crime.
How does restorative justice empower victims?
By giving them a voice in the justice process.
Who oversees restorative justice in the UK?
The Restorative Justice Council.
What are some key statistics from the Restorative Justice Council?
85% victim satisfaction rate and 14% reduction in reoffending.
Who leads a restorative justice process?
A facilitator who supports and ensures safety.
What are alternatives to face-to-face meetings in restorative justice?
Letters, interviews, or videos.
When can restorative justice be used?
For any type of crime and at any stage of the criminal justice system.
What conditions must be met for restorative justice?
The offender must admit the crime and both parties must be willing.
Who are the three stakeholders in restorative justice?
The victim (reparation), the offender (responsibility), and the community (reconciliation).
What did Sherman and Strang (2007) find?
Restorative justice reduces PTSD and desire for revenge in victims.
How effective is restorative justice for adults vs. young offenders?
More effective than prison for adults, equally effective for young offenders.
When is restorative justice most effective in reducing reoffending?
With serious and violent crimes.
What did Rodriguez (2007) find about restorative justice for juveniles?
Juveniles were less likely to reoffend than those in comparison groups.
Which groups showed the most success with restorative justice?
Girls and those with minimal criminal histories.
What does the Smith Institute say about restorative justice?
It can reduce repeat offending and related costs.
What is a concern about the voluntary nature of restorative justice?
Selection bias and doubts about offenders’ motives.
What did Miers et al (2001) find?
Some victims felt unsettled or intimidated by direct contact with offenders.
What ethical harm might offenders face in restorative justice?
They may experience depression, self-harm, or suicidal thoughts.
