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KK Religious Studies aqa gcse > Crime And Punishment > Flashcards

Crime And Punishment Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a crime?

A

Something that is punishable by law.

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2
Q

What is a punishment?

A

something is legally done to somebody after being found guilty of breaking the law.

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3
Q

What is a deterrent?

A

something is done to put people off committing crimes.

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4
Q

Name 2 different types of court in the UK.

A

Magistrate courts and crown courts.

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5
Q

What is Shari’ah law?

What is it based on?

A

the law in many Muslims countries which is derived from the Qur’an, Hadith and Sunnah.

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6
Q

What is the maximum punishment available in the UK?

A

Life in prison.

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7
Q

What is the maximum punishment in Egypt and Saudi Arabia?

A

Death sentence.

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8
Q

Give an example of an evil act that has a good intention.

A

Stealing food in order to feed your starving family.

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9
Q

What is evil?

A

The opposite of good; a force of negative power which is seen in many traditions as destructive and against God.

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10
Q

Give an example of something good that people do, even though they aren’t ordered to by the Law.

A

Giving to charity or helping people in need.

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11
Q

In the UK, are the intentions of a criminal taken into account when they are sentenced?

A

Yes.

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12
Q

In Shari’ah law, how would the severity of the punishment be decided?

A

The seriousness of the religious value breached.

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13
Q

What might Muslims blame their evil actions on?

A

Not resisting temptations.

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14
Q

What might Christians blame their evil actions on?

A

A psychological illness that should be treated in addition to the person being punished.

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15
Q

Give 7 reasons why someone might commit a crime.

A

1) poverty
2) upbringing
3) mental illness
4) addiction
5) greed
6) hate
7) opposition to an unjust law

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16
Q

Why might someone commit a crime due to poverty?

A

Cannot always afford food so must steal for their family.

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17
Q

What is the Christian and Muslim view of committing a crime due to poverty?

A

They both believe that the community should become involved in helping the poor.
Muslims have Zakah and in addition, Shi’a has Khums which ensures that everyone stays out of poverty.

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18
Q

Why might someone commit a crime due to their upbringing?

A

They are either encouraged by family members or friends or they see the actions as normal and that there is nothing wrong with them.

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19
Q

What are the Christian and Muslim views about committing a crime due to upbringing?

A

Christian- Parents should teach children the right way to behave through their own words and actions.
Muslims- Strong extended family should ensure Muslims are guided to respect the law.

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20
Q

Why might someone commit a crime due to mental illness?

A

Anger management problems and depression can lead to violence and drug abuse.

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21
Q

What are the Christian and Muslim views about people committing a crime due to mental illness?

A

Both believe that mental illness should be treated.

Muslims believe that punishment is still justified.

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22
Q

Why might someone commit a crime due to addiction?

A

taking illegal drugs is a crime. they could commit further crimes to support their drug addition.

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23
Q

What are the Christian and Muslim views about committing a crime due to addiction?

A

In Islam, drugs and alcohol are prohibited so addiction isn’t an excuse for criminal behaviour.
Christians are against taking illegal drugs, however, permit alcohol but not to excess. They also believe in rehabilitation as a way of defeating addiction.

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24
Q

Why might someone commit a crime due to greed?

A

They want personal possessions that they don’t need and cannot afford. This may lead to theft.

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25
Q

Why might someone commit a crime due to hate?

A

it can lead to violence or aggression which is against the law.

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26
Q

Why might someone commit a crime due to unjust laws?

A

They break laws that they believe are unjust, they may protest against them in order to get them changed. These laws could go against basic human rights.

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27
Q

What are the views of Christians and Muslims about people committing crimes due to unjust laws?

A

christian view: some agree only if there is no aggression.

Muslim view: Shari’ah law is believed to be God’s law so it cannot be unjust. Therefore, this is not a good reason.

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28
Q

State 3 Christian views about lawbreakers.

A

1) that the law should be respected.
2) offenders must be punished by the law, according to the seriousness of the crime.
3) offenders have basic rights and shouldn’t be given a punishment that will harm them
4) offenders should be rehabilitated through their punishment eg taught a skill in prison so that they are less likely to reoffend when they get back out.
5) some Christians thin that the punishment should be as severe as the crime was.
6) the parable of the sheep and goats makes it clear that helping prisoners is helping Jesus.

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29
Q

State 3 Muslim views about lawbreakers.

A

1) That the law must be obeyed, especially by those living in countries governed by Shari’ah law.
2) in the UK , Muslims follow our legal system even though there might be some laws that they don’t agree with.
3) Shari’ah punishments fit the seriousness of the crime. The most serious punishments can’t be use in the UK.
4) shari’ah punishments are intended to be sever so that the offender doesn’t reoffend.

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30
Q

Name 3 different types of crime.

A

Hate crime
Theft
Murder

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31
Q

Why do Christians and Muslims believe that Murder is wrong?

A

Both religions believe that only God has the right and authority to take life.

32
Q

Why do Christians and Muslims believe that hate crimes are wrong?

A

Jesus taught us that we should love our neighbours. we should show compassion, care and respect for everyone.

33
Q

Why do Muslims and Christians think that theft is wrong?

A

It is not permitted by the ten commandments. Neither Christians nor Muslims justify theft caused by the need to supply food for a family.

34
Q

What are the similarities between a hate crime and murder?

A

Murders and hate crimes target specific individuals because of something that they have, do or believe in.

35
Q

What are the 3 aims of punishment?

A

Retribution
Deterrence
Reformation

36
Q

What does retribution mean?

A

To get your own back.

37
Q

What does deterrent mean?

A

To put people off a crime.

38
Q

What does reform (reformation) mean?

A

To change someone’s behaviour for the better.

39
Q

What do Christians believe about retribution?

A

1) The ‘eye for eye’ teaching shouldn’t be taken literally but the punishment should be severe enough.
2) The murderers shouldn’t be killed as a punishment.
3) Most Christians prefer other aims that are less harmful and more positive.

40
Q

What do Christians believe about deterrence?

A

1) They don’t accept punishments that cause physical or mental harm to the offender or infringe their rights.
2) They oppose public punishments as they should be treated with respect.

41
Q

What do Christians believe about reformation?

A

1) they are in favour.
2) It is positive rather than negative and works with offenders to improve themselves.
3) Happens alongside punishments.

42
Q

What do Christians believe about suffering?

A

Christians believe that they should help those who are suffering, whatever the cause. Jesus helped many who he saw were suffering.

43
Q

What do Muslims believe about suffering?

A

Suffering is a test from God, Iblis tempts people to cause suffering. God allows suffering to happen, often for reasons unknown by humans. They have a duty to help them.

44
Q

Give 3 reasons why a loving God would allow people to suffer?

A

1) it isn’t God who causes suffering -usually this arises from human actions
2) God gave humans free will and guides us on how to make good choices.
3) God chooses to give us free will instead of controlling us. This means that suffering will sometimes happen though.
4) Humans should follow God’s guidance and this will minimise suffering. Doing whatever they wanted to would cause more suffering in the end.
5) Laws give up more guidance about how to use free will.

45
Q

Describe some Christian views about causing suffering to others.

A

1) Jesus taught us that people should love and respect each other and not use violence in self-defence as it may increase suffering.
2)This doesn’t work sometimes, and Christians may cause someone to suffer.
3) if this happens, Christians are taught to say sorry and try to repair the damage
Eg at Jesus’ arrest, one disciple cut off the High priests’s servant’s ear. Jesus told off the disciple and healed the servant.

So, Christians can try to heal the wrong and minimise the suffering.

46
Q

Name 3 types of punishment

A

Prison
Corporal punishment
Community service

47
Q

State 3 things about prison

A

Punishment for serious crimes.
No choice about how they spend their time.
Loss of liberty.

48
Q

State 3 things about corporal punishment

A

inflicts physical pain on the offenders.
Illegal in the UK and many other countries.
Punishment often takes place in public.

49
Q

State 3 things about community service

A

Allows offenders the chance to reform.
Punishment for minor offences.
Can include treatment for addiction or medical conditions.

50
Q

What do Christians think about prison?

A

Prisoners should be treated well when in prison and should encourage them to do the right actions. Conditions should be humane and civilised.

51
Q

What do Christians think about corporal punishment?

A

Most don’t support corporal punishments as it doesn’t seek to reform the offender and causes physical or mental harm to the offender.

52
Q

What do Christians think about community service?

A

They agree as long as the offenders are likely to benefit from it. It gives them a chance to reform and no harm is done which is a positive step.

53
Q

What do Muslims think about prison?

A

It is used more as a place to hold people who are awaiting punishment or trial. Some Muslims argue that prison may be a better way than corporal punishment.

54
Q

What do Muslims think about corporal punishment?

A

Often used in some Muslim countries as a way of deterrence. It is laid down by the Shari’ah law and can be imposed for serious crimes such as gambling, adultery and drinking alcohol.

55
Q

What do Muslims think about community service?

A

It is not seen as a sufficient deterrent to protect society from future criminal behaviours.

56
Q

What 2 things do Christians and Muslims both believe about forgiveness?

A

People should forgive others who offend crimes.

We should continuously forgive others, there is no upper limit.

57
Q

What are the Christian and Muslim views on committing a crime due to hate?

A

Jesus taught to love everyone, even enemies.

Hatred is against Muslim morality.

58
Q

What are the Christian and Muslim views about committing a crime due to greed?

A

Christian view: the ten commandments forbid envy which is often a cause for greed.
Muslim view: Greed is a temptation that should be avoided.

59
Q

What is the death penalty?

A

A form of punishment where the prisoner is put to death because of their crimes.

60
Q

What is the principle of utility?

A

The idea that the action is right if it promotes the maximum happiness for the maximum number of people.

61
Q

What does sanctity of life mean?

A

The idea that all life is sacred and holy because it was created and is loved by God. Human life should not be misused or abused.

62
Q

How does the sanctity of life affect the death penalty?

3 reasons

A

it suggests that the death penalty is wrong.
Some religious believers believe that justice overrides the sanctity of life.
The old testament suggests ‘an eye for an eye’ which can support this view.

63
Q

Give 3 says that the principle of utility affects the death penalty.

A

The principle of utility should support the death penalty.
However, if the death penalty is used as retribution it is wrong.
it protects society.

64
Q

Give 4 arguments that Christians use to justify the death penalty.

A

Genesis and Exodus teach retribution.
Retribution is justified for people who commit the worst possible crimes.
It deters people from horrific crimes as they know what will happen to them.
It protects society.

65
Q

Give 5 reasons that Christians disagree with the death penalty.

A

Ezekiel teaches that wrongdoers should be reformed.
The best aim of punishment is reformation.
There is little evidence that the death penalty is a deterrent.
Many murders are done on the spur of the moment punishment doesn’t enter their thinking.
‘God gives life only God can take it away.’

66
Q

Explain the differences between evil actions and evil intentions

A

Evil actions are wicked deeds that people do. Evil intentions are what they hope will happen when they plan their wicked deeds.

67
Q

Explain 2 reasons that people commit crimes

A

Poverty, greed

68
Q

Explain the similarities and differences between a hate crime and murder.

A

A hate crime usually involves violence and may sometimes involve killing too. A murder can be for many reasons, not just hate. Murder is usually a more serious crime than a hate crime.

69
Q

Write 2 sentences to explain the aims of reformation.

A

Reformation is changing someone’s behaviour for the better. this helps to give them more skills so that they are less likely to offend a gain

70
Q

Write 2 sentences to explain the aims of deterrence.

A

A deterrent puts someone off committing a crime because of the possible punishment. eg in Shari’a Law the punishments are harsh ‘ cut off the hands of thieves….a deterrent from God’

71
Q

Write 2 sentences to explain the aims of retribution.

A

Retribution is getting your own back. it should only be as bad as the original crime, not worse.

72
Q

Explain carefully what Christians and Muslims believe about free will and how it should be used.

A

Muslims and Christians believe that free will is given to allow humans to make their own choices- however there will still be consequences, so people have to choose carefully. Religious teachings give us guidance.

73
Q

Explain the contrasting beliefs in Christianity and Islam about corporal punishment

A

Christians oppose all punishment that causes harm to offenders/ corporal punishment- as it has no element of reform.
Shai’ah law agrees with corporal punishment for some offences as it is a deterrent, and itis often carried out in public eg beating with a stick

74
Q

Show how Christian beliefs about forgiveness are different from Muslim ones

A

Christians should forgive someone no matter what they have done ( turn the other cheek, forgive not 7 times but 70 X 7)
Muslims believe that only God can truly forgive, and only when he knows that the offender is truly sorry.

75
Q

Give 2 religious teachings about the death penalty.

A

The death penalty does not reform so it is not Christian and does not honour the sanctity of life.
It is not loving or compassionate.
it goes against the 10 commandments.

KK Religious Studies aqa gcse (8 decks)

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