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NPTE Neuro > Cranial Nerves & Reflexes > Flashcards

Cranial Nerves & Reflexes Flashcards

1
Q

Are Efferent fibers:

Motor or Sensory?

A

Motor

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2
Q

Are Afferent fibers:

Motor or Sensory?

A

Sensory

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3
Q

How many pairs of cranial nerves are there?

A

12 pairs

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4
Q

All cranial nerves distribute to the head and neck except 1…which 1?

A

CN X: Vagus

Goes to thorax and abdomen

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5
Q

Which cranial nerves are pure sensory and carry special senses?

A

1, 2, 8

  • CN I: Olfactory
  • CN II: Optic
  • CN VIII: Vestibulocochlear

**smell, vision, hearing and equilibrium**

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6
Q

Which cranial nerves are pure motor and control extraocular eye movements?

A

3, 4, 6

  • CN III: Oculomotor
  • CN IV: Trochlear
  • CN VI: Abducens
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7
Q

Which cranial nerves are pure motor and innervate the SCMs, traps and tongue?

A

11 & 12

  • CN XI: Accessory
  • CN XII: Hypoglossal
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8
Q

Which cranial nerves are MIXED sensory and motor?

A

5, 7, 9, 10

  • CN V: Trigeminal
  • CN VII: Facial
  • CN IX: Glossopharyngeal
  • CN X: Vagus
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9
Q

What does CN I do?

A

CN I: Olfactory

Smell

(pure sensory)

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10
Q

What does CN II do?

A

CN II: Optic

Vision

(pure sensory)

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11
Q

What do CN II & III do?

A

Pupillary Reflexes

  • CN II: Optic (sensory)
  • CN III: Oculomotor (motor)
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12
Q

What do CN III, IV, & VI do?

A

Extraocular movements

  • CN III: Oculomotor - turns eyes up, down, in

Elevates eye lid

  • CN IV: Trochlear - turns adducted eye down
  • CN VI: Abducens - turns eye out
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13
Q

What does CN V do?

A

Sensory: Face, cornea

Motor: Temporal and masseter muscles

  • CN V: Trigeminal
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14
Q

What does CN VII do?

A

Facial Expression

  • CN VII: Facial
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15
Q

What does CN VIII do?

A

Vestibular function

Test eye-head coordination, VOR

Cochlear function

  • CN VIII: Vestibulocochlear
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16
Q

What do CN IX & X do?

A

Phonation (voice quality)

Swallowing

Palatal, pharynx control

Gag Reflex

  • CN IX: Glossopharyngeal
  • CN X: Vagus
17
Q

What does CN XI do?

A

Trap and SCM muscle function

  • CN XI: Accessory nerve
18
Q

What does CN XII do?

A

Tongue movements

  • CN XII: Hypoglossal
19
Q

What is a dermatome?

A

specific segmental skin area innervated by sensory spinal axons

20
Q

What is a myotome?

A

skeletal muscles innervated by motor axons in a given spinal root

21
Q

In the cervical spine, do numbered roots exit above or below the corresponding vertebral body?

A

Above

(C8 nerve root exits below C7 vertebral body)

22
Q

In the thoracic, lumbar and sacral spine, do numbered roots exit above or below the corresponding vertebral body?

A

Below

23
Q

At what level does the spinal cord end?

A

L1

24
Q

What are the nerve roots called in the lumbosacral region?

A

Cauda Equina

25
Q

What is the function of the stretch reflex?

A

Stimulus: Muscle Stretch

  • Maintenance of muscle tone
  • Support agonist muscle contraction
  • Provide feedback about muscle length
26
Q

What is reciprocal inhibition?

A

stretch stimulus inhibits antagonist muscle

27
Q

What is reciprocal innervation?

A

Stretch stimulus on agonist (autogenic facilitation), antagonist (reciprocal inhibition), and synergistic muscles (facilitation).

28
Q

What is the function of the inverse stretch reflex?

A

Stimulus Muscle contraction

  • Provide agonist inhibition
  • Diminution of force of agonist contraction
  • Stretch-protect reflex
29
Q

What is the function of the Gamma Reflex loop?

A

Allows muscle tension to come under control of descending pathways

(reticulospinal, vestibulospinal, and others)

30
Q

What is the function of the flexor withdrawal reflex?

A

Stimulus: Cutaneous sensory stimuli

  • Protective withdrawal mechanism to remove body part from harmful stimuli
31
Q

What is the function of the crossed extension reflex?

A

Stimulus: Noxious stimuli and reciprocal action of antagonists

  • Flexors excited on one side cause other side to inhibit
  • Coordinates reciprocal limb activities such as gait
32
Q

What spinal level does deep tendon reflexing testing test at the:

Biceps tendon

A

C5-C6

33
Q

What spinal level does deep tendon reflexing testing test at the:

Brachioradialis tendon

A

C5-C6

34
Q

What spinal level does deep tendon reflexing testing test at the:

Triceps tendon

A

C6-C7

35
Q

What spinal level does deep tendon reflexing testing test at the:

Patellar tendon

A

L3-L4

36
Q

What spinal level does deep tendon reflexing testing test at the:

Achilles tendon

A

S1-S2

NPTE Neuro (13 decks)

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