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PHA 500 > Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

Cranial Nerve Names

A

On Old Olympus Towering Top A Friendly Viking Grew Vines And Hops

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2
Q

Cranial Nerve Function

A

Some Say Money Matters But My Brother Says Big Brains Matter More

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3
Q

CN I: Olfactory

A

Special Sensory

Exit: Cribriform Plate

Special sense of smell

Target: olfactory nerves in nasal mucosa

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4
Q

CN II: Optic

A

Special sensory

Exit: optic canal

Special sense of sight/vision

Target: retina/eye

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5
Q

CN III: Oculomotor

A

Motor (parasympathetic)

Exit: superior orbital fissure

Movement of eye

Target:

  • levator palpebrae superioris muscle
  • superior, medial, inferior rectus + inferior oblique (extraocular muscles)
  • ciliary muscle
  • sphincter pupillae muscle
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6
Q

Levator Palpebrae Superioris Muscle

A

Raise upper eyelid

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7
Q

Extraocular Muscle

A

Move eyeball

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8
Q

Ciliary Muscle

A

Control shape of lens

-focusing at different distances

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9
Q

Sphincter Pupillae Muscle

A

Shrinks the size of pupil to let in less light

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10
Q

CN IV: Trochlear

A

Somatic motor

Exit: superior orbital fissure

Move eyeball

Target: superior oblique muscle

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11
Q

CN V: Trigeminal (divisions)

A

V1: ophthalmic
V2: maxillary
V3: mandibular

Pain, temperature, touch

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12
Q

CN V1: Ophthalmic

A

Somatic sensory

Exit: superior orbital fissure

Targets:

  • skin of scalp, forehead, upper eyelid
  • cornea
  • mucosa of anterior nasal cavity
  • frontal and ethmoid sinuses
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13
Q

CN V2: Maxillary

A

Somatic sensory

Exit: foramen rotundum

Target:

  • skin of face, scalp, lower eyelid, upper lip
  • maxillary, teeth, gingivae, maxillary sinuses
  • mucosa of posterior nasal cavity
  • hard and soft palate
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14
Q

CN V3: Mandibular

A

Somatic motor, sensory

Exit: foramen ovale

Target: 
SOMATIC SENSORY
-skin of scalp, face, cheek, lower lip
-external tympanic membrane
-mandibular teeth, gingivae
-anterior 2/3 tongue

SOMATIC MOTOR

  • mastication muscles
  • ant belly of digastric
  • mylohhyoid
  • tensor veli palatini
  • tensor tympani muscles
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15
Q

CN VI: Abducent

A

Somatic motor

Exit: superior orbital fissure

ABducts eyeball

Target: lateral rectus muscle

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16
Q

CN VII: Facial

A

Somatic motor, special sensory, parasympathetic, sympathetic

Enter: internal acoustic meatus

Exit: stylomastoid foramen

3 branches

Main Targets:

  • somatic motor to stapedius
  • muscles of facial expression
  • stylohyoid muscle
  • posterior belly of digastric muscle
17
Q

Muscles of Facial Expression (CN VII)

A 
buccinator
occipitofrontalis
orbicularis oris
orbicularis oculi 
platysma
18
Q

CN VII: Chorda Tympani

A

Hitchhikes with lingual nerve (branch of CN V3)

Target:
SPECIAL SENSORY
-taste (anterior 2/3 tongue)

PARASYMPATHETIC

  • submandibular gland
  • sublingual gland
19
Q

CN VII: Greater Petrosal

A

Exit: temporal bone

joins deep petrosal nerve (sympathetic) to become nerve of pterygoid canal

Synapses at pterygopalatine ganglia

hitchhikes with CNV2 to lacrimal gland

Target:
PARASYMPATHETIC/SYMPATHETIC
-lacrimal gland
-nasal mucosa

20
Q

CN VIII: Vestibulocochlear

A

Special sensory

Exit: internal acoustic meatus

Target:

  • cochlea (hearing)
  • semicircular canals (balance)
21
Q

CN IX: Glossopharyngeal

A

Exit: jugular foramen

Target:
SOMATIC MOTOR
-stylopharyngeous muscle

VISCERAL SENSORY
-carotid body, sinus

SOMATIC SENSORY

  • oropharynx
  • soft palate
  • posterior 1/3 tongue

SPECIAL SENSORY
-posterior 1/3 tongue

22
Q

CN IX: Tympanic Nerve

A

Target:
SOMATIC SENSORY
-internal surface of tympanic membrane

23
Q

CN IX: Lesser Petrosal Nerve

A

Branch from tympanic plexus

Target:
PARASYMPATHETIC
-parotid gland

24
Q

CN X: Vagus

A

Exit: jugular foramen

Target:
SOMATIC MOTOR
-pharyngeal constrictors
-levator veli palatini muscle
-palatoglossus muscle
-palatopharyngeus muscle
-esophagus

SPECIAL SENSORY
-epiglottis (taste)

25
Q

CN X: Superior Laryngeal Branch

A

Target:
SOMATIC MOTOR
-cricothyroid

SOMATIC SENSORY
-laryngeal mucosa superior to vocal folds

26
Q

CN X: Inferior Laryngeal Branch

A

Target:
SOMATIC MOTOR
-intrinsic muscles of larynx

SOMATIC SENSORY
-laryngeal mucosa inferior to vocal folds

27
Q

CN XI: Accessory

A

Somatic motor

Exit: jugular foramen

Target:

  • sternocleidomastoid
  • trapezius
28
Q

CN XII: Hypoglossal

A

Somatic motor

Exit: hypoglossal canal

Target:
-intrinsic and most extrinsic tongue muscles

29
Q

CN VIII: Vestibulocochlear

A

Special sensory

Exit: internal acoustic meatus

Target:

  • cochlea (hearing)
  • semicircular canals (balance)
30
Q

CN IX: Glossopharyngeal

A

Somatic sensory, visceral sensory, special sensory, somatic motor, parasympathetic

Exit: jugular foramen

PHA 500 (11 decks)

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