Cranial Nerves Flashcards
Where does cranial nerve 1 enter the skull?
olfactory nerve - cribriform plate.
Where does cranial nerve 6 exit the skull?
Abducens exits superior orbital fissure
Where does vagus exit the skull?
CN X - Jugular foramen
Where does the optic nerve exit the skull?
CN II - Optic canal
Where does cranial nerve 3 exit the skull?
Oculomotor - Superior orbital fissure
Where does the trochlear exit the skull?
CN IV - Superior orbital fissure
What are the branches of trigeminal nerve called and whereto they exit the skull?
V1 - Ophthalmic - Superior Orbital Fissure
V2 - Maxillary - Foramen Rotundum
V3 - Mandibular - Foramen Ovale (sensory + motor)
Where does cranial nerve 9 exit the skull?
Glossopharyngeal - Jugular foramen
Where does cranial nerve 8 exit the skull?
Vestibulocochlear - Internal auditory meatus
Where does cranial nerve 12 exit the skull?
Hypoglossal - Hypoglossal canal
Where does facial nerve exit the skull?
CN VII - Internal Auditory Meatus
Where does cranial nerve 11 exit the skull?
Accessory Spinal - Jugular Foramen
what bone do the olfactory nerves pass through specifically
cribriform plate of ethmoid bone
where do the olfactory nerves synapse
the olfactory bulb
what is the name given to a loss of smell
anosmia
why would you get a loss of pupillary construction if the optic never was damaged
because the light reflex requires light to reach the retina in order to send the impulses to the pretectal nucleus
between which 2 cranial nerves do we switch from travelling round the cavernous sinus to just continuing in the posterior cranial fossa
cn 6 and 7
what 2 muscles are innervated by the autonomic (paras) division of the oculomotor nerve
sphincter pupillae and ciliary muscle for accommodation of the lens
why would ypu get ptosis with damage to the oculomotor nerve
because it innervates levator palpabrae superioris, so they struggle to keep their eye open
an aneurysm in which 3 arteries can cause looking down and out of the eye?
so oculomotor nerve is affected. it comes out of the interprduncular fossa. 3 arteries around there are: posterior communicating artery, superior cerebellar and posterior cerebral.
what name is given to the dural cavity that contains the trigeminal ganglion
the trigeminal cave
what direction can’t your eye look in if the trochlear nerve is damaged
supplies superior obliques so can’t look down and in
which root (sensory or motor) is larger for the trigeminal nerve
sensory
what muscles does the trigeminal nerve innervate
muscles of mastication and levator and tensor too that affect the palate (?)
the mucous membranes of the nasal and oral cavities get their general afferent sensation from which nerve, be specific
maxillary division, v2 of trigeminal
what sinuses receive general sensory afferent fibres from the trigeminal nerve
all the paranasal sinuses, so frontal, ethmoidal, maxillary and sphenoidal
what part of the trigeminal nerve does sensation to the palate
v2, maxillary
what are the 4 muscles of mastication supplied by v3
medial pterygoid, lateral pterygoid, masseter and temporalis (tensor tympani and tensor veli palatini, mylohyoid and anterior belly of digastric)
what gives sensation to the a.temporal region of the face. b.upper eyelid
a.v3 b.v1
of you are unable to look down when the eye is adducted, why could you also lose sensation in your paranasal sinuses
the trochlear nerve is affected, so the superior orbital fissure. v1 also comes through here , so idd likely to also be damaged
what nerve rubs inferolaterally to the internal carotid artery and so is easily affected by aneurysms
trochlear
what nerve innervates the stapedius muscle and scala tympani
the facial nerve
the visceral efferent fibres to salivary glands below the oral fissure is innervated by which nerve
the superior petrosal part of the facial nerve
deeper parts of the auricle gets its general sensation from which nerve
facial nerve
taste for anterior 2 3rds of the tongue is provided by which nerve
facial nerve
posterior belly of digastric muscle and the stylohyoid muscle are innervated by which nerve
facial
2 symptoms o facial nervr palsy
abnormal taste to anterior 2 3rds of the tongue and dry conjunctiva (autonomic secretion to lacrimal gland stopped by petrosal division)
