Cranial Nerve Overview Flashcards
List the cranial nerves in order.
I- Olfactory II- Optic III- Occulomotor IV- Trochlear V- Trigeminal VI- Abducent VII- Facial VIII- Vestibulocochlear IX - Glossopharyngeal X- Vagus XI- Accessory Nerve XII- Hypoglossal
The motor cell bodies of cranial nerves are located where?
Brainstem motor nuclei
Which cranial nerves carry parasympathetic fibers?
3,7,9,10
True/False: Cranial nerves form plexuses.
FALSE: Cranial nerves do not contribute to any plexus.
True/False: Cranial nerves do not divide into dorsal/ventral primary rami.
TRUE
Do sensory ganglia exist for cranial nerves? If so, give an example.
Yes, but they exist only for the spinal nerves that carry sensory fibers.
Ex: Trigeminal Ganglion
Which cranial nerves are purely sensory?
I and II- Olfactory and Optic
Name the cranial nerve associated with the Geniculate ganglia:
VII- facial
Which cranial nerves carry sensory fibers?
5,7,8,9,10
Spinal Nerves contain what types of fibers?
GSA, GSE, GVA, GVE
Cranial Nerves carry what types of fibers?
GSA,GSE, GVA, GVE, SA (Special Sensory afferent) and BE (Branchiomeric motor)
True/False: No cranial nerve carries all 6 fiber types.
TRUE
What sensations are SA fibers associated with?
Sensory info from specialized receptors in the head related to the special senses.
What are the 5 special senses?
Sight, Hearing, Equilibrium, Taste, and Smell
What do BE (branchiomeric Motor) neurons innervate?
Motor innervation to skeletal muscle in the head derived from branchial mesoderm.
The skeletal muscle of the head is derived from what 2 mesoderm’s?
somatic mesoderm- muscles of the eye and tongue
pharyngeal arch mesoderm- all the other skeletal muscles in the head
Name 4 non-brachiomeric muscles in the head/neck
Sternocleidomastoid, Trapezius, tongue muscles, and orbital muscles (eye)
Where are the bodies of spinal GSA neurons located?
Dorsal root ganglia- pseudounipolar neurons
Where are the bodies of spinal GSE neurons located?
Ventral horn of the spinal cord gray matter- multipolar
WHere are the cell bodies of cranial GSA/SA neuronal fibers located?
Perioheral sensory ganglia - pseudounipolar
ex: trigeminal ganglia
Where are the cell bodies of cranial GSE/BE neurons located?
Brainstem motor nuclei of the cranial nerves with motor function. - multipolar
Preganglionic sympathetic fibers destined for the head arise from…? What is their anatomical trajectory?
Cell bodies lie in the Lateral horn gray matter of T1-T2 spinal segments. THe fibers exit the spinal cord via the T1, T2 spinal nerves to reach the sympathetic trunk. Run to the cervical chain ganglia. Synapse there with postganglionics. THe postganglionic fibers exit the cervival ganglia and form the CAROTID PERI-ARTERIAL PLEXUS.
Do preganglionic sympathetic fibers run with cranial nerves?
NO! They run in the carotid peri-arterial plexus. They are of spinal cord origin, and the preganglionic fibers synapse with postganglionics within the cervical chain ganglia.
What to the sympathetic fibers to the head target?
Sweat glands, dilator pupillae muscle, vascular smooth muscle
CN III (occulomotor) is associated with which terminal ganglia? What fibers does it carry to this ganglion?
Carries presynaptic parasympathetic fibers to the Ciliary ganglion
CN VII (Facial) is associated with what terminal motor ganglia?
Submandibular and pterygopalatime
CN IX (Glossopharyngeal) is associated with what terminal motor ganglia?
Otic ganglion
POSTganglionic parasympathetic nerve fibers follow the path of what to reach their targets?
The 3 branches of the trigeminal nerve (CN V): the Opthalmic, Maxillary, and Mandibular.
Name the 3 cranial nerves with only sensory function~!
Optic, Olfactory, and Vestibulocochlear are all SPECIAL SENSORY NERVES
Name the 5 cranial nerves with only motor function.
What fibers do they carry>
Occulomotor, Trochlear, Abducent, Accessory, and Hypoglossal
GSE fibers
CN 3 (occulomotor) carries what 2 types of fibers?
GSE to skeletal muscles of the eye and GVE (parasympathetic) to the smooth muscles of the eyeball.
