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EXCI 254 > cranial nerve > Flashcards

cranial nerve Flashcards

1
Q

function of CN1

A 
special sensory (or visceral afferent - smell)In addition to enable us to smell, CI also induces visceral responses via the ANS
•  For example, salivation is initiated in response to the aroma of food
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2
Q

function of optic nerve

A

special sensory (somatic afferent - vision)

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3
Q

formation of optic nerve

A

The optic nerve is formed by retinal ganglion axons that

converge at the optic disc at the back of the eye

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4
Q

why is optic nerve unique?

A

CII is unique in that it is surrounded by cranial meninges and subarachnoid space is filled with CSF

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5
Q

pathway of optic nerve

A

From the optic chiasma, it runs toward the brain (thalamus) by way of the optic tractsIn the brain some fibers terminate in the thalamus, others in the superior colliculi (corpora quadrigeminis) before travelling to the occipital lobe - visual cortex

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6
Q

which nerve is the chief motor nerve to the ocular and extra ocular muscle

A

occulomotor

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7
Q

which muscle is innervate by C111

A
  • Superior, Inferior and Medial Rectus muscles
  • Inferior Oblique muscle
  • Levator Palpabrae muscle - Upper eyelid muscle
  • Ciliary bodies (muscles) of the Lens
  • Iris - is smooth muscle that acts like a sphincter to constrict and dilate the pupil size
  • Reflex Somatic Adjustment - Proprioceptor
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8
Q

what is carrie by the inferior division of occulosmotor nerve

A

presynaptic autonomic fibers to the CILIARY GANGLION

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9
Q

where does the occulomotr divides

A

Within the superior orbital fissure, the nerve divides into the
superior and inferior divisions

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10
Q

cIV function

A

motor

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11
Q

pathway of trochlear Neve

A

Originates from the superiolateral aspect of the pons

• The trochlear nerve passes through the Superior Orbital Fissure

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12
Q

what happen if we injured the trochlear nerves

A

Injury to this nerve inhibits the eyeball form turning out and down (inferolaterally)
• DIPLOPIA (double vision).

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13
Q

which cranial nerve is the only one to emerge dorsally from the brainstem

A

trochlear

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14
Q

location of trigeminal nerve

A

side of pons

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15
Q

which division of CV Is purely sensory

A

CV1 et CV2

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16
Q

pathway and innervation of ophthalmic nerve

A

sensory nerve that passes through the Superior orbital fissure and supplies the eyeball, conjunctiva, lacrimal gland and sac, nasal mucosa, frontal sinus, external nose, upper eyelid, forehead and scalp.

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17
Q

pathway + innervation of maxillary nerve

A

a sensory nerve that passes through the Foramen Rotundum. It relays sensation from the skin of the face over the maxilla inluding the upper lip, maxillary teeth, nasal mucosa, maxillary sinuses and palate.

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18
Q

the 3rd division of CV is motor and sensory ?

A

yes

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19
Q

where does mandibular nerve pass

A

MANDIBULAR division (CV3) passes through the foramen OVALE and is both a sensory and a motor nerve.

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20
Q

innervation of mandibular nerve

A

Motor component: MUSCLES OF MASTICATION
Sensory component: skin over the mandible, lower lip and side of head, mandibular teeth, mucosa of the mouth and the ant two thirds of the tongue

21
Q

pathway of abducens

A

The abducens nerve arises between the pons and the medulla on the brain and will travel through the SUPERIOR ORBITAL FISSURE to innervate the lateral rectus muscle

22
Q

abducens is motor or sensory

A

motor

23
Q

facial nerve is sensory or motor

A

both

24
Q

pathway of CVII

A
  • CVII emerges btw the pons and medulla on the brain and exits the skull though the internal acoustic meatus, facial canal and finally the STYLOMASTOID FORAMEN
  • Passes through the parotid gland
25
Q

which cranial nerve passes through the parotid gland

A

facial

26
Q

innervation of facial nerve

A

Supplies: muscles of facial expression, taste to ant. two thirds of the tongue, parasympathetic innervation to the submandibular, sublingual and lacrimal glands and mucous glands of the soft palate, nose and paranasal sinuses.

27
Q

location of vestibulochloar nerve

A

Located in the Petrous portion of the Temporal bone at the internal auditory meatus

Found just below the Pons the junction of the Medulla Oblongata

28
Q

pathway of CVIII

A

The vestibulocochlear nerve enters the internal acoustic meatus where it then divides into vestibular (equilibrium) and cochlear (hearing) divisions

29
Q

glossopharyngial is sensory or motor

A

both

30
Q

which nerve is responsible for conveying taste from posterior third of tongue

A

CIX

31
Q

innervation of CIX

A

Supplies sensory innervation to the pharyngeal mucosa, palatine tonsil, posterior one third of the tongue, auditory tube, middle ear, carotid sinus and carotid body

32
Q

which muscle is only innervated by the glossopharyngieal nerve

A

stylopharygeus

33
Q

which nerve supplies parasympathetic innervation to the parotid and salivary gland

A

CIX

34
Q

sensory function of CIX

A

Sensory function (proprioception of swallowing muscles, monitoring BP, O2, CO2 in bld, breathing rate and depth)

35
Q

pathway of CIX

A

Passes through the jugular foramen to exit the skull

36
Q

which nerve name means the wanderer

A

vagus nerve

37
Q

why vagus nerve means the wanderer

A

due to its extensive innervation throughout the body

38
Q

function of vagus nerve

A

Responsible for sensation from the inferior pharynx, larynx and thoracic and abdominal viscera
• Taste from the root of the tongue and taste buds located on the epiglottis are also carried by CX

39
Q

innervation of vagus nerve

A

Innervates the muscles of the soft palate, pharynx, the intrinsic laryngeal muscles and the palatoglossus muscles of the tongueParasympathetic innervation of the thoracic and abdominal viscera down to the splenic flexure
• Autonomic regulation of heart rate, respiration, digestion, blood pressure, etc.

40
Q

which nerve is responsible forParasympathetic innervation of the thoracic and abdominal viscera down to the splenic flexure
• Autonomic regulation of heart rate, respiration, digestion, blood pressure, etc.

A

vagus

41
Q

pathway of vagus

A

Exits the skull at the medulla oblongata with the glossopharyngeal nerve (C IX) at the Jugular Foramen

42
Q

motor pathways of vagus nerve

A
  • skeletal muscle - swallowing muscles of pharynx and larynx
  • Smooth muscle
  • Cardiac muscle
43
Q

origin of accessory nerve

A

Originates from the medulla oblongata and spinal cord

44
Q

pathway of accessory nerve

A
  • The spinal portion enters the skull through the foramen magnum, joins the medullary portion and exits through the jugular foramen
  • CXI also leaves the skull at the jugular foramen and is responsible for the motor innervation of the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles
45
Q

which muscle is innerve by accessory nerve

A

trap and SCM

46
Q

pathway of hypoglossal nerve

A

The hypoglossal nerve arises from the medulla and leaves the skull from the medulla oblongata, through the hypoglossal canal

47
Q

which nerve Joined temporarily by fibers from spinal nerves C1 and C2, which form the superior limb of the ansa cervicalis

A

CXII

48
Q

innervation of CXII

A

CXII supplies motor innervation to all the muscles of the tongue except palatoglossus (supplied by the Vagus nerve - CX)

EXCI 254 (10 decks)

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