CPAR2 Flashcards
the highest
distinction/MERIT bestowed upon Filipino Artists
whose body of work is recognized by their
peers and more importantly by their
countrymen as sublime expression of
Philippine music, dance, theatre, visual arts,
literature, film and media, arts, architecture
and design.
National Artist Award
The country had its first National Artist & the
official title “Grand Old Man of Philippine
Art
Fernando Amorsolo
He developed the backlighting technique
that became his trademark where figures, a
cluster of leaves, spill of hair, the swell of
breast, are seen aglow on canvas.
Fernando Amorsolo
National Artist for Painting (1973)
Carlos “Botong” Francisco
The poet of Angono, single-handedly revived
the forgotten art of mural and remained its
most disting
Carlos “Botong” Francisco
National Artist for Painting (1976
Victorio C. Edades
Emerged as the “Father of Modern Philippine
Painting”
Victorio C. Edades
His paintings are described as… …visions of
reality teetering/SHAKING on the edge of abstraction.
Vicente Silva Manansala
his talent was revealed
through the copies he made of the
Sagrada Familia and his mother’s portrait
that he copied from a photograph.
Vicente Silva Manansala
National Artist for Painting (1999)
Jerry Navarro Elizalde
He is a versatile artist, being both a proficient
painter and sculptor.
Jerry Navarro Elizalde
his
power as a master of colors largely evident in his
large four-panel The Seasons (1992: Prudential
Bank collection).
Jerry Navarro Elizalde
National Artist for Visual Arts (2003)
Jose Joya
A painter and multimedia artist who
distinguished himself by creating an
authentic Filipino abstract idiom that
transcended foreign influences.
Jose Joya
He use of rice paper in collages placed
value on transparency, a common
characteristic of folk art.
Jose Joya
National Artist for Visual Arts (1990)
Cesar Legaspi
A pioneer “Neo-Realist” of the country.
Remembered for his singular
achievement of refining cubism in the
Philippine context.
He belonged to the so-called “Thirteen
Moderns” and later, the “Neo-realists”.
Cesar Legaspi
National Artist for Visual Arts (1991)
Hernando R. Ocampo
A self-taught painter, was a leading member of
the pre-war Thirteen Moderns, the group that
charted the course of modern art in the
Philippines.
His works provided an understanding and
awareness of the harsh social realities in the
country immediately after the Second World
War and contributed significantly to the rise of
the nationalist spirit in the post-war era.
It was, however, his abstract works that left an
indelible mark on Philippine modern art.
His canvases evoked the lush Philippine
landscape, its flora and fauna, under the sun
and rain in fierce and bold colors.
He also
played a pivotal role in sustaining the Philippine
Art Gallery, the country’s first.
Hernando R. Ocampo
National Artist for Visual Arts (1997)
Arturo Luz
A painter, sculptor, and designer for more than
40 years, created masterpieces that exemplify
an ideal of sublime austerity in expression and
form.
Arturo Luz
From the Carnival series of the late 1950s to
the recent Cyclist paintings, Luz produced
works that elevated Filipino aesthetic vision to
new heights of sophisticated simplicity.
Arturo Luz
National Artist for Visual Arts (2001)
Ang Kiukok (Ang Hwa Shing)
Born to immigrant Chinese parents
Vicente Ang and Chin Lim, he is one
of the most vital and dynamic figures
who emerged during the 60s.
Ang Kiukok (Ang Hwa Shing)
National Artist for Visual Arts (2006)
Benedicto R. Cabrera (BenCab)
Who signs his paintings “Bencab,” upheld the
primacy of drawing over the decorative color.
Benedicto R. Cabrera (BenCab)
National Artist for Visual Arts (2006)
Abdulmari Asia Imao
A native of Sulu, is a sculptor, painter,
photographer, ceramist, documentary film maker,
cultural researcher, writer, and articulator of
Philippine Muslim art and culture.
Abdulmari Asia Imao
Federico Aguilar Alcuaz
National Artist for Visual Arts (2009)
Federico Aguilar Alcuaz
He is known mainly for his gestural
paintings in acrylic and oil, as well as
sketches in ink, watercolor and pencil.
Federico Aguilar Alcuaz
Francisco V. Coching
National Artist for Visual Arts (2014)
Francisco V. Coching
Acknowledged as the “Dean of Filipino
Illustrators” and son of noted Tagalog
novelist and comics illustrator Gregorio
Coching, was a master storyteller – in
images and in print.
Francisco V. Coching
National Artist for Sculpture (1973)
Guillermo E. Tolentino
A product of the Revival period in Philippine
art
Guillermo E. Tolentino
National Artist for Sculpture (1976)
Napoleon V. Abueva
Considered as the Father of Modern Philippine
Sculpture, Abueva has helped shape the local sculpture
scene to what it is now.
Napoleon V. Abueva
National Artist for Dance (1973)
Francisca R. Aquino
Acknowledged as the Folk Dance Pioneer.
This Bulakeña began her research on folk dances in
the 1920’s making trips to remote barrios in Central
and Northern Luzon.
Francisca R. Aquino
National Artist for Dance
Leonor O. Goquingco
Dubbed the “Trailblazer”, “Mother of Philippine
Theater Dance” and “Dean of Filipino Performing
Arts Critics”, pioneer Filipino choreographer in
balletic folkloric and Asian styles, produced for
over 50 years highly original, first-of-a-kind
choreographies, mostly to her own storylines.
Leonor O. Goquingco
These include “TREND: Return to Native,” “In a
Javanese Garden,” “Sports,” “VINTA!,” “In a
Concentration Camp,” “The Magic Garden,”
“The Clowns,” “Firebird,” “Noli Dance Suite,”
“The Flagellant,” “The Creation…” Seen as her
most ambitious work is the dance epic
“Filipinescas: Philippine Life, Legend and
Lore.”
Leonor O. Goquingco
National Artist for Dance (1988)
Lucrecia R. Urtula
A choreographer, dance educator and researcher,
spent almost four decades in the discovery and study
of Philippine folk and ethnic dances
Lucrecia R. Urtula
National Artist for Dance (2006)
Ramon A. Obusan
A *dancer, choreographer, stage designer
and artistic director.
Through the Ramon Obusan Folkloric
Grop (ROFG), he had effected cultural
and diplomatic exchanges using the
multifarious aspects and dimensions of
the art of dance.
Ramon A. Obusan
National Artist for Dance (2014)
Alice Reyes
Her dance legacy is evident in the dance
companies, teachers, choreographers
and the exciting Filipino modern dance
repertoire of our country today.
Alice Reyes
National Artist for Literature (1973)
Amado V. Hernandez
A poet, playwright, and novelist, is among the
Filipino writers who practiced “committed art”.
His novel Mga Ibong Mandaragit, first written by
Hernandez while in prison, is the first Filipino
socio-political novel that exposes the ills of the
society as evident in the agrarian problems of the
50s.
Amado V. Hernandez
National Artist for Literature (1973)
Jose Garcia Villa
Art is a miraculous flirtation with Nothing!
Aiming for nothing, and landing on the Sun.”
― Doveglion: Collected Poems
Jose Garcia Villa
National Artist for Literature (1976)
Nick M. Joaquin
Has also enriched the English language with critics coining
“Joaquinesque” to describe his baroque Spanish-flavored English or
his reinventions of English based on Filipinisms.
Nick M. Joaquin
Carlos P. Romulo
National Artist for Literature (1982)
Carlos P. Romulo
multifaceted career spanned 50 years of public
service as educator, soldier, university president, journalist and
diplomat.
Carlos P. Romulo
National Artist for Literature (1990)
Francisco Arcellana
A writer, poet, essayist, critic, journalist and teacher,
is one of the most important progenitors of the
modern Filipino short story in English.
He pioneered the development of the short story as a
lyrical prose-poetic form.
Francisco Arcellana
National Artist for Literature (1997)
Nestor Vicente Madali Gonzalez
A better known as N.V.M. Gonzalez, fictionist, essayist,
poet, and teacher, articulated the Filipino spirit in rural,
urban landscapes.
Nestor Vicente Madali Gonzalez
National Artist for Historical Literature (1997)
Carlos Quirino
A biographer, has the distinction of having written one
of the earliest biographies of Jose Rizal titled The
Great Malayan.
Carlos Quirino
National Artist for Literature (1990)
Francisco Arcellana
A writer, poet, essayist, critic, journalist and teacher,
is one of the most important progenitors of the
modern Filipino short story in English.
Francisco Arcellana
National Artist for Literature (1999)
Edith L. Tiempo
A poet, fictionist, teacher and literary critic is one of the finest
Filipino writers in English whose works are characterized by a
remarkable fusion of style and substance, of craftsmanship and
insight.
Born on April 22, 1919 in Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya, her
poems are intricate verbal transfigurations of significant
experiences as revealed, in two of her much anthologized
pieces, “The Little Marmoset” and “Bonsai”.
Edith L. Tiempo
National Artist for Literature (2001)
F. Sionil Jose
writings since the late 60s, when taken collectively
can best be described as epic. Its sheer volume puts him on the
forefront of Philippine writing in English. But ultimately, it is the
consistent espousal of the aspirations of the Filipino–for national
sovereignty and social justice–that guarantees the value of his
oeuvre.
F. Sionil Jose
National Artist for Literature (2003
Virgilio S. Almario
also known as Rio Alma, is a
poet, literary historian and critic, who has revived
and reinvented traditional Filipino poetic forms,
even as he championed modernist poetics.
In 34
years, he has published 12 books of poetry, which
include the seminal Makinasyon and
Peregrinasyon, and the landmark trilogy
Doktrinang Anakpawis, Mga Retrato at
Rekwerdo and Muli, Sa Kandungan ng Lupa.
Virgilio S. Almario
National Artist for Literature (2003)
Alejandro R. Roces
“You cannot be a great writer; first, you have to be a
good person”
Alejandro R. Roces
National Artist for Literature (2006)
Dr. Bienvenido Lumbera
As a poet, he introduced to Tagalog literature what is now known as
Bagay poetry, a landmark aesthetic tendency that has helped to
change the vernacular poetic tradition. He is the author of the
following works: Likhang Dila, Likhang Diwa (poems in Filipino and
English), 1993; Balaybay, Mga Tulang Lunot at Manibalang, 2002; Sa
Sariling Bayan, Apat na Dulang May Musika, 2004; “Agunyas sa
Hacienda Luisita,” Pakikiramay, 2004.
Dr. Bienvenido Lumbera
National Artist for Literature (2009)
Lazaro Francisco
Prize-winning writer Lazaro A. Francisco developed the social realist
tradition in Philippine fiction. His eleven novels, now acknowledged
classics of Philippine literature, embodies the author’s commitment to
nationalism.
Lazaro Francisco
National Artist for Literature (2014)
Cirilo F. Bautista
a poet, fictionist and
essayist with exceptional achievements and
significant contributions to the development
of the country’s literary arts.
Cirilo F. Bautista
National Artist for Music (1973)
versatile musician, composer, music
educator was the last of the musical triumvirate, two of
whom were Nicanor Abelardo and Francisco Santiago,
who elevated music beyond the realm of folk music. At an
early age, he took to playing the violoncello and played it
so well it did not take long before he was playing as
orchestra soloist for the Manila Grand Opera House.
Antonio J. Molina
National Artist for Music (1976)
(February 15, 1895 – August 7, 1978)
Long before Lea Salonga’s break into Broadway, there was already Jovita
Fuentes‘ portrayal of Cio-cio san in Giacomo Puccini’s Madame Butterfly
at Italy’s Teatro Municipale di Piacenza. Her performance was hailed as
the “most sublime interpretation of the part”.
Jovita Fuentes
Antonino R. Buenaventura
National Artist for Music (1988)
(May 4, 1904 – January 25, 1996)
vigorously pursued a musical
career that spanned seven decades of unwavering
commitment to advancing the frontiers of Philippine music. In
1935, Buenaventura joined Francisca Reyes-Aquino to
conduct research on folksongs and dances that led to its
popularization.
Antonino R. Buenaventura
as educator, composer, performing artist,
administrator and cultural entrepreneur of national and international
caliber, had involved herself wholly in sharpening the Filipino audience’s
appreciation of music. Kasilag’s pioneering task to discover the Filipino
roots through ethnic music and fusing it with Western influences has led
many Filipino composers to experiment with such an approach.
Lucresia R. Kasilag
a master composer, conductor, and
teacher whose music evokes the folk elements of the Filipino
heritage. Cousin to “Botong” Francisco, San Pedro produced
a wide-ranging body of works that includes band music,
concertos for violin and orchestra, choral works, cantatas,
chamber music, music for violin and piano, and songs for
solo voice.
Lucio D. San Pedro
composer, conductor, and
scholar, Filipinized western music forms, a feat aspired
for by Filipino composers who preceded him.The
prodigious body of De Leon’s musical compositions,
notably the sonatas, marches and concertos have
become the full expression of the sentiments and
aspirations of the Filipino in times of strife and of peace,
making him the epitome of a people’s musician.
Felipe P. De Leon
National Artist for Music (1997)
composer, musicologist, teacher and
performer, explored the musicality of the Filipino deeply.
Maceda embarked on a life-long dedication to the
understanding and popularization of Filipino traditional
music.
Jose M. Maceda
National Artist for Literature / Music (1997)
(April 30, 1910 – April 2, 2002)
a prolific lyricist and composer for decades.
He effortlessly translated/wrote anew the lyrics to
traditional melodies: “O Maliwanag Na Buwan” (Iloko),
“Ako ay May Singsing” (Pampango), “Alibangbang” (Visaya)
among others.
Levi Celerio
National Artist for Music (1999)
highly esteemed for her
achievements as choirmaster and choral arranger. Two
of her indispensable contributions in culture and the
arts include the founding of the Philippine Madrigal
Singers and the spearheading of the development of
Philippine choral music.
Prof. Andrea O. Veneracion
National Artist for Music (1999)
A composer, film scorer,
musical director and music teacher, he wrote an
outstanding and memorable body of works that resonate
with the Filipino sense of musicality and which embody
an ingenious voice that raises the aesthetic dimensions
of contemporary Filipino music.
Ernani J. Cuenco
National Artist for Music (2014)
His lifetime
conscientiousness in bringing out the “Asianness” in his music,
whether as a composer, conductor, or educator, contributed to
bringing the awareness of people all over the world to view the
Asian culture as a rich source of inspiration and a celebration of
our ethnicity, particularly the Philippines.
Francisco F. Feliciano
National Artist for Music (2014)
composer,
conductor and musicologist, is currently
the country’s foremost exponent of
contemporary Filipino music
Ramon P. Santos
National Artist for Theater and Film (1976)
director for theater and film, has the
distinction of being called “The Boy Wonder of Philippine Movies”
as early as 1939. He was the first to use the motion picture camera
to establish a point-of-view, a move that revolutionized the
techniques of film narration.
Lamberto V. Avellana
National Artist for Cinema (2009)
Among the narratives that Conde directed and/or
produced for the screen were three of the most famous
metrical romances in Philippine lowland culture: Siete
Infantes de Lara, Ibong Adarna, and Prinsipe Tenoso.
Manuel Conde
National Artist for Cinema (1982)
His first directorial job was “Ama’t Anak” in which he
directed himself and his brother Tito Arevalo. The movie got good
reviews. De Leon’s biggest pre-war hit was “Ang Maestra” which
starred Rogelio de la Rosa and Rosa del Rosario with the still
unknown Eddie Romero as writer.
Gerardo de Leon
National Artist for Cinema (1997)
director for film and broadcast arts,
espoused the term “freedom of expression” in the Philippine
Constitution. Brocka took his social activist spirit to the screen leaving
behind 66 films which breathed life and hope for the marginalized
sectors of society
Lino O. Brocka
National Artist for Cinema (2001)
was a filmmaker of the first order
and one of the very few who can be truly called a
maestro. Critics have hailed him as “the genius of
Philippine cinema.”
Ishmael Bernal
National Artist for Cinema (2003)
a screenwriter, film director and producer, is the
quintessential Filipino filmmaker whose life is devoted to the art
and commerce of cinema spanning three generations of
filmmakers. His film “Ganito Kami Noon…Paano Kayo
Ngayon?,”
Eddie S. Romero
National Artist for Cinema (2006)
The image of the underdog was projected in his films such as
Apollo Robles(1961), Batang Maynila (1962), Mga Alabok sa Lupa
(1967), Batang Matador and Batang Estibador (1969), Ako ang
Katarungan (1974), Tatak ng Alipin(1975), Totoy Bato (1977),
Asedillo (1981), Partida (1985), and Ang Probisyano (1996), among
many others. The mythical hero, on the other hand, was
highlighted in Ang Alamat (1972), Ang Pagbabalik ng Lawin (1975)
including his Panday series (1980, 1981, 1982, 1984) and the action
adventure films adapted from komiks materials such as Ang
Kampana sa Santa Quiteria(1971), Santo Domingo (1972), and
Alupihang Dagat (1975), among others.
Fernando Poe Jr.
National Artist for Architecture, 1973
architect, teacher and civic leader, is a
pioneer and innovator in Philippine architecture. In
essence, Nakpil’s greatest contribution is his belief that
there is such a thing as Philippine Architecture, espousing
architecture reflective of Philippine traditions and culture.
Juan F. Nakpil
National Artist for Architecture (1976)
The lines are clean and smooth, and where there are
curves, these are made integral to the structure. Pablo Jr.
points out, “For our father, every line must have a meaning, a
purpose.
Pablo S. Antonio
National Artist for Architecture, 1990
reshaped the urban landscape with a
distinctive architecture reflective of Philippine Art and
Culture. He believes that the true Philippine Architecture is
“the product of two great streams of culture, the oriental and
the occidental… to produce a new object of profound
harmony.”
Leandro V. Locsin
National Artist for Architecture, 2006
distinguished himself by
pioneering the practice of landscape architecture–an allied
field of architecture–in the Philippines and then producing
four decades of exemplary and engaging work that has
included hundreds of parks, plazas, gardens, and a wide
range of outdoor settings that have enhanced
contemporary Filipino life.
Archt. Ildefonso P. Santos
National Artist for Architecture (2014)
José María V. Zaragoza’s place in Philippine
architecture history is defined by a significant
body of modern edifices that address spiritual and
secular requirements. Zaragoza’s name is
synonymous to modern ecclesiastical
architecture.
Jose Maria V. Zaragoza
National Artist for Fashion Design (2006)
whose family hails from Abra, lies in the
tradition of excellence of his works, and his committment to his profession,
performing his magical seminal innovations on the Philippine terno.
Ramon O. Valera
heir originality since 1969. Sensitive to the
budget limitations of local productions, he harnessed the design
potential of inexpensive local materials, pioneering or
maximizing the use of bamboo, raw abaca, and abaca fiber,
hemp twine, rattan chain links and gauze cacha.
Salvador F. Bernal
National Artist for Theater and Music (1987)
was formally honored as the Queen of
Kundiman in 1979, then already 74 years old singing the same song
(“Nabasag na Banga”) that she sang as a 15-year old girl in the
sarsuela Dalagang Bukid. Atang became the very first actress in the
very first locally produced Filipino film when she essayed the same
role in the sarsuela’s film version. As early as age seven, Atang was
already being cast in Spanish zarzuelas such as Mascota, Sueño de un
Vals, and Marina.
Honorata “Atang” dela Rama
National Artist for Theater (1997)
is a teacher and theater artist
whose 35 years of devoted professorship has produced
the most sterling luminaries in Philippine performing arts
today: Behn Cervantes, Celia Diaz-Laurel, Joy Virata,
Joonee Gamboa, etc. In 1947, he was appointed as UP
Dramatic Club director and served for 16 years. As
founder and artistic director of the UP Mobile Theater, he
pioneered the concept of theater campus tour and
delivered no less than 2,500 performances in a span of
19 committed years of service.
Wilfrido Ma. Guerrero
National Artist for Theater and Literature (1997)
playwright, thespian, poet, teacher, critic
and translator, marked his career with prolific artistic
productions. Tinio’s chief distinction is as a stage director
whose original insights into the scripts he handled brought
forth productions notable for their visual impact and
intellectual cogency.
Rolando S. Tinio
National Artist for Theater (1999)
is an actor, director and writer. Born
in Roxas City, Capiz on January 26, 1917, she elevated
legitimate theater and dramatic arts to a new level of
excellence by staging and performing in breakthrough
productions of classic Filipino and foreign plays and by
encouraging the establishment of performing groups
and the professionalization of Filipino theater
Daisy H. Avellana
National Artist for Theater (2001)
o is the
forerunner in institutionalizing “legitimate theater” in the Philippines.
Taking up courses and graduate degrees abroad, he honed and shared his
expertise with his countrymates.
As Dean of Instruction of the Philippine Normal College, Montano
organized the Arena Theater to bring drama to the masses. He trained and
directed the new generations of dramatists including Rolando S. Tinio,
Emmanuel Borlaza, Joonee Gamboa, and Behn Cervantes.
Severino R. Montano
