CP3(C3) Flashcards
– external openings of the
tracheae
Spiracles
– tracheal dilations of
varying size, number, and
distribution, found mainly in flying
insects
Air sacs
– tubes ranging from
0.5um diameter to less than 10um
Trachea
- 0.1um diameter to less
than 0.5um; in close association
with cells
Tracheoles
– a series of folds that
usally run spirally around the lumen
Taenidia
- Involved in the exchange of gases between the cellular and external environment of
insects.
Respiratory System
It is a complex network of tubes
tracheal system
- spiracles are present
Open
– spiracles are non-functional/absent
Close
Two types of Tracheal System
Open
Close
– at least 8 pairs of functional spiracles
Polyneustic RS
– at least 1 or 2 pairs of functional spiracles
Oligoneustic RS
– there are no functional spiracles, the tracheal system does not open to the outside
Apneustic RS
- (10 pairs): 1 mesothoracic, 1 metathoracic & 8 abdomina
Holopneustic
– (9 pairs): 1 mesothoracic & 8 abdominal
Perineustic
- (8 pairs): 1 mesothoracic & 7 abdominal
Hemineustic
– (2 pairs): 1 mesothoracic & 1 abdominal
Amphipneustic
- with 1 pair of post-abdominal spiracle
Metapneustic
- with 1 pair of mesothoracic spiracle
Propneustic
– blood cells
Hemocytes
– the body cavity where the blood flows
Hemocoel
– insects blood
Hemolymph
– the only conducting vessel; a vessel situated along the median dorsal line just beneath the integument
Dorsal vessel
– region with valves or ostia; in abdomen; pumping
Heart
– basically a tube; in thorax and head; conducting vessel
Aorta
– a valvular opening which allow the hemolymph to enter (incurrent ostia) or exit (excurrent) from the heart
Ostia
– aid the movement of hemolymph in addition to the pumping activities of the heart.
Accessory pulsatile organ
– the hemocoel or body cavity particularly in the abdomen
Sinuses and diaphragms
is the major structural
component of an insect’s circulatory
system
Dorsal vessel
– protein granules taken up by the fat body at pupation are used by
adults as a source of amino acids and energy for protein synthesis
Storage protein
– eggs are produced
Ovarioles
– storage for sperms
Spermatheca
– channel through which eggs are
discharge to unite the sperm
Oviduct
– external opening of the reproductive
organ
Gonopore
– the terminal portion of the female
reproductive organ; an egg holding chamber which opens directly into the external ovipositor
Vigina
– colleterial glands that secrete adhesive materials used to cover or glue eggs
together
Accessory glands
– production of spermatozoa
Testis
– a seminal duct from the sperm tube to the vas deferens
Vas efferens
– a seminal duct from the vas efferens to the seminal vesicle
Vas deferens
– spermatozoa reservoir
Seminal vesicle
– is for coating and protecting sperms from acidity
Accessory gland
– spermatozoa duct or ejaculating duct
Ejaculatory duct
– penis of a male insect
Phallus
– opening of the phallus
Gonopore
