CP Anatomy Etc. Flashcards
Rib types:
Typical, atypical
True, false, floating
Typical: 3-9 Atypical: 1-2, 10-12 True: 1-7 False: 8-10 Floating: 11-12
1st rib distinct features (3)
Groove for subclavian a., subclavian v., scalene tubercle.
2nd rib distinct feature
Tuberosity of serratus anterior m.
Costal cartilage 1-7, 8-10
1-7 articulate directly with sternum.
8-10 joint cartilage above them.
Rib articulating arrangement
Head of rib articulates with Inferior costal facet of the vertebra superior. The head articulates to the superior costal facet and transverse process of vertebra at same level.
Features of the right lung
Cardiac impression Groove for azygos v. Groove for esophagus Groove for SVC, IVC Groove for 1st rib Groove for brachiocephalic v.
Features of the left lung
Cardiac impression Groove for aortic arch Groove for descending aorta Groove for 1st rib Groove for subclavian a.
Recesses (2)
Costomediastinal recess
Costodiaphragmatic recess
Parietal pleurae (4)
Costal parietal pleura
Mediastinal parietal pleura
Diaphragmatic parietal pleura
Cervical parietal pleura
Sternal line of pleural reflection
Costal pleura becomes mediastinal pleura anteriorly
Costal line of pleural reflection
Costal pleura becomes diaphragmatic pleura
Vertebral line of pleural reflection
Costal pleura becomes mediastinal pleura posteriorly
Trachea to alveolar duct (8)
Trachea Main bronchus Lobar bronchus Segemental bronchi No cartilage from now on: Conducting bronchiole Terminal bronchiole Respi bronchiole Alveolar duct
Angina pectoris
Pain that originates in the heart and produces pain of the chest. Pain is usually from ischemia in an area of the heart tissue.
Layers of heart (5)
Fibrous skeleton Parietal serous pericardium Visceral serous pericardium (epicardium) Myocardium Endocardium
Surfaces of heart include:
Sternocostal
Diaphragmatic
Pulmonary
RV
RV, LV
RA, LV occupy cardiac impression
Right AV groove includes
Right coronary a.
Left AV groove includes
Coronary sinus
Anterior IV groove includes
Anterior interventricular a. and great cardiac v.
Posterior IV groove includes
Posterior interventricular a. and middle cardiac v.
Left and right recurrent laryngeal ns. location
Left: goes under DA.
Right: goes under right subclavian a.
Features of the RA (7)
Sinus venarum Pectinate m. Crista terminalis Sulcus terminalis IA septum Opening for coronary sinus SVC and IVC drain here
Features of the RV
Cusps Chordae tendinae Papillary ms. (3) Septomarginal trabeculum Tricuspid valve Trabeculae carnae Pulm valve
Cardiac cath
Catheter into the femoral a. to the IVC and RA to visiualize the pulm trunk and pulm as.
Features of the right atrium
Auricle of RA
Pectinate m.
Opening for pulm vs.
Aortic vestibule
Smooth wall leading to the ascending aorta.
LV
Conus arteriosus
Smooth wall leading to the pulm trunk.
RV
Cardiac referred pain
Ischemia stimulates visceral pain sensory fibers in the heart of the ANS. Usually area innervated by left medial brachial cutaneous n.
Cardiac tampanade
Increased fluid in the pericardium causing compression of the heart.
Branches off of the RCA (7)
SA nodal a. Conus branch Atrial branch Right marginal a. AV nodal a. Posterior interventricular a. Right posterolateral a.
Branches off the LCA (2)
Anterior interventricular a.
Circumflex a.
Branches of the LAD (2)`
Conus branch
Diagonal a.
Branches of the circumflex a. (2)
Left marginal a.
Posterior left ventricular a.
Layout of the internal thoracic a.
See drawings
Unpaired visceral branches (3)
Mediastinal a.
Esophageal a.
Pericardial a.
Paired lateral visceral branches (2)
Right and left bronchial as.
Paired segmental parietal branches (2)
Posterior intercostal a.
–> Collateral branch, dorsal branch and lateral mammary branch.
Subcostal a.
Small cardiac v. traves with:
Right marginal a.
Azygos system setup
See drawings.
Branches of the vagus ns.
L/R Recurrent laryngeal ns. Pulm branches Cardiac branches Esophageal branches Ant/post vagal trunks
Intercostal n. setup
See drawing
Sympathetic innervation of the thorax
From SC lateral horn –> splanchnic ns.
Route of the presynaptic ns.
Lateral horn –> anterior root –> anterior ramus –> paravertberal ganglion via rami communicants.
3 options for synapsing
- presynaptic fibers can enter the paravertebral ganglion and synapse onto a postsynaptic neuron on same level.
- presynaptic fibers can enter paravertebral ganglion and travel up/down sympathetic chain to synapse at another level.
- presynaptic fibers can travel thru the paravertebral ganglion and continue thru a abdominopelvic splanchnic n. to synapse in a prevertebral ganglion.
Parasympathetic innervation in the thorax is via:
Vagus n. and its derivatives
PSNS sources (2)
CNs (3, 7, 9, 10)
S2-4
