Covenanters Flashcards
Laud’s Liturgy
Anglo-Catholic worship Book forced on Scots in 1636
Rejected by Jenny Geddes on July 23 St. Giles Kirk in Edinburgh
Sparks Scot rebellion
Andrew Melville
Scot Minister stood before James I in 1606—two kingdoms in Scotland, 1 is political, James is king, 1 is spiritual, James is member.
Gets thrown in Tower of London
Greyfriar’s Kirk
Church in Edinburgh
Known for signing of National Covenant
Big prison for Covenanters in churchyard
1636
Laud’s Liturgy rejected by Jenny Geddes in St. Giles Kirk
Sparked Scot rebellion
National Covenant
1638—document rejecting absolutism, and re-establishing Presbyterianism
Basis of Covenanter movement
Solemn League and Covenant
1643—agreement between England and Scotland in which Scotland and England united against Charles 1 in return for England becoming Presbyterian
Westminster Assembly
1643—Religious meeting, mostly English, some Scottish, wrote Westminster Confession and Shorter Catechism
1660
Restoration of the monarchy
1661/1662
Episcopal re-established in Scotland, 300+ minister ejected
Conventicles
Illegal Covenanter meetings held in the wilderness
Those caught were shot or hanged
Grassmarket in Edinburgh
Place in Edinburgh were many Covenanters were hanged
Pentland Rising/Rullion Green
1666—first major Covenanter army/battle
900 Covenanters vs 3000 English soldiers
Scores killed or captured and executed
Drumclog
June 1 1679—first and only Covenanter victory
Led by Cloverhouse
Bothwell Brig
1679—Cloverhouse’s army defeated near Edinburgh
Richard Cameron
Lion of the Covenant
Led troops at Ayrsmoss
Killed
Ayrsmoss
1680
Battle led by Richard Cameron
Last major Covenanter battle, Scots lose
Hugh Mackail
Tortured and executed in 1666 at Grassmarket
Didn’t give up faith
St. Giles Kirk
John Knox’s church, Laud’s Liturgy rejected
Mercat Cross
Cross in Edinburgh
Most prominent Covenanters executed
Samuel Rutherford
Wrote Lex Rex—King subject to law
Rutherford’s letters published posthumously
Summoned to Privy Council 1661—too sick to go
The Killing Times
1684-85
Period of most violent Covenanter persecution
James Renwick
Executed 1688, months before Glorious Revolution
Last Covenanter martyr
Glorious Revolution
1688-Stuart dynasty ends, William 3 of Orange, Mary 2 corulers
Scottish church returned to former freedom
Absolutism dies in Britain
