3 English Colonies Flashcards
John Smith
Leader of Jamestown that encouraged hard work and helped relationship with Powhatan
Jamestown
the first permanent English settlement in North America
Pocahontas
Daughter of Powhatan chief who married colonist John Rolfe and journeyed to England
indentured servants
a colonist who received free passage to America in exchange for working without pay for a certain number of years
Bacon’s Rebellion
an attack led by Nathaniel Bacon against American Indians and the colonial government in Virginia resulting in the burning of Jamestown
Toleration Act of 1649
first law supporting religious tolerance in the colonies
Olaudah Equiano
Purchasing his freedom, Equiano wrote an autobiography telling of his experiences as a slave
slave codes
laws to control slaves
Puritans
Protestant who wanted to purify, or reform, the Church of England
Pilgrims
A group that wanted to separate from the Church of England; Left England in the early 1600s to eventually settle in America
immigrants
people who have left the country of their birth to settle in another country
Mayflower Compact
a legal contract in which the pilgrims agreed to have fair laws to protect the general good
Squanto
A Native American that befriended Plymouth colony helping the Pilgrims with farming techniques and aiding relations with the local Indians
John Winthrop
Leader of the Puritan colonists leaving England in 1630 to seek religious freedom and build an ideal Christian community
Anne Hutchinson
Banned from the Massachusetts Bay Colony for speaking out her belief that people’s relationship with God did not need guidance from ministers; Eventually settled in Rhode Island
Peter Stuyvesant
Director of New Netherlands who surrendered to the English in 1664
Quakers
Also called the Society of Friends; Support non-violence and religious tolerance for all people
William Penn
Founded Pennsylvania as a safe haven for Quakers
staple crops
crops that are always needed such as wheat, barley, and oats
town meetings
Gathering in the colonies to discuss issues of local interest
English Bill of Rights
1689 Reduced the power of the English monarch giving more power to Parliament
triangular trade
A system in which goods and slaves were traded among the Americas, Britain, and Africa
Great Awakening
A religious movement that swept through the colonies in the 1730s and 1740s
Jonathan Edwards
An important leader of the Great Awakening
Enlightenment
A movement that spread the idea that reason and logic could improve society
John Locke
An enlightenment philosopher that believed people had natural rights such as equality and liberty
Chief Pontiac
Opposed British settlement and led a series of attacks on British forts on the frontier
Samuel Adams
Believed Parliament could not tax the colonists without their consent and helped organize the Boston Tea Party
Committees of Correspondence
A communication system between colonies that existed to share ideas and information about new British laws and ways to challenge them
Stamp Act of 1765
Required colonists to pay for an official stamp when they purchased paper items
Boston Massacre
An incident in which British soldiers fired into a crowd of colonists killing five; caused great resentment toward Britain
Tea Act
1773 Allowed the British East India Company to sell tea directly to the colonists
Boston Tea Party
Colonists dumped over 340 tea chests into Boston harbor protesting the Tea Act
Intolerable Acts
1774 Passed to punish Boston as a result of the Tea Party; Called Coercive Acts by Britain; Among other things, closed Boston Harbor and passed the Quartering Act
