15 Divided Nation Flashcards

0
Q

Wilmot Proviso

A

a document that stated that slavery would be against the law in all parts of the Mexican Cession

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1
Q

popular sovereignty

A

the idea that called for voters in a new territory to decide whether to allow slavery

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2
Q

sectionalism

A

favoring the interests of one section or region of a country over the interests of the entire country

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3
Q

Free Soil Party

A

northern party that supported the Wilmot Proviso

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4
Q

Senator Henry Clay

A

senator who designed a compromise to end conflicts between free states and slave states

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5
Q

Compromise of 1850

A

Henry Clay’s proposed agreement that allowed California to enter the Union as a free state and divided the rest of the Mexican Cession into two territories where slavery would be decided by popular sovereignty

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6
Q

Fugitive Slave Act

A

Law that made it a crime to help runaway slaves and allowed slaves to be arrested in free areas

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7
Q

Anthony Burns

A

a fugitive slave from Virginia who was arrested in Boston sparking violence

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8
Q

Uncle Tom’s Cabin

A

A anti-slavery novel by Harriet Beecher Stowe that showed the humanity of slaves

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9
Q

Franklin Pierce

A

Politician who promised to honor the Compromise of 1850 and the Fugitive Slave Act

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10
Q

Stephen Douglas

A

Illinois Senator who sponsored the Kansas-Nebraska Act in exchange for a railroad from Chicago to the Pacific Ocean

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11
Q

Charles Sumner

A

Massachusetts senator who spoke out against pro-slavery supporters in Kansas and was beaten unconscious on the Senate floor

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12
Q

Preston Brooks

A

a pro-slavery representative from South Carolina who attacked Charles Sumner on the Senate floor

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13
Q

Kansas-Nebraska Act

A

Act that divided the Louisiana Purchase into two territories and allowed popular sovereignty to decide the issue of slavery

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14
Q

Pottawatomie Massacre

A

Event during which abolitionist John Brown and his men killed five pro-slavery men in response to the Sack of Lawrence

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15
Q

Republican Party

A

a political party formed in 1854 that united against the spread of slavery in the West

16
Q

James Buchanan

A

fifteenth president of the United States elected in part because he was out of the country during the Kansas-Nebraska Act controversy

17
Q

Dred Scott

A

A slave who sued for his freedom and lost in the Supreme Court

18
Q

Roger B. Taney

A

Chief Justice who gave the decision in the Dred Scott Case

19
Q

Dred Scott Decision

A

Supreme Court decision that African Americans were not citizens and could not challenge people in federal court; also declared the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional

20
Q

Abraham Lincoln

A

Illinois lawyer who became the sixteenth president of the United States; the first president of the Republican Party

21
Q

Lincoln-Douglas Debates

A

A series of debates between Republican Abraham Lincoln and Democrat Stephen Douglas during the 1858 U.S. Senate campaign in Illinois

22
Q

Freeport Doctrine

A

The idea that police would enforce the voters’ decision if it contradicted the Supreme Court’s decision in the Dred Scott case

23
Q

John Brown’s Raid

A

uprising in which John Brown and his followers attempted to take over an arsenal in Harpers Ferry, Virginia

24
Q

secession

A

a formal withdrawal from the Union of the United States

25
Q

Confederate States of America

A

A union formed by southern states

26
Q

Jefferson Davis

A

president of the Confederacy