16 The Civil War Flashcards
Border states
Delaware, Kentucky, Maryland and Missouri–slave states that did not join the Confederacy.
Fort Sumpter
A federal outpost in Charleston, South Carolina that was attacked by troops at the start of the Civil War.
General Winfield Scott
The Union’s first general, developed anaconda plan.
Cotton Diplomacy
The idea that Great Britian would support the south because it needed cotton.
Stonewall Jackson
A Confederate General under Robert E. Lee from Virginia. He earned his nickname from the 1st Battle of Bull Run when he countered an Union attack.
First battle of Bull Run
The Fist major battle of the Civil War,It was a Confederate victory and shattered the North’s hopes of winning quickly.
General George B. McClellan
A careful general for the Union. His overcautiousness would prove to be a weakness during the war.
General Robert E. Lee
General for the Confederacy, his willingness to take risks would help him in his efforts during the war.
Seven Day’s Battles
A bloody battle that saved Richmond from the Union
Second Battle of Bull Run
Confederates won, and convinced Lee it was time to take the war to the North.
battle of Antietam
Single bloodiest day in American military history, kept lee out of the North for the rest of the war.
Ironclads
ships heavily armored with iron.
Ulysses S. Grant
Union general in the west who was bold and restless, aiding him in his efforts to stop the Confederacy.
Battle of Shiloh
A civil war battle at Shiloh,where CSA general Johnston surprise attacked Gran and his troops. The Union won and gained more control of the Mississippi River.
David Farragut
A US admiral who was very successful taking control of the Mississippi River. First gained control of a ship at 12, trained for navy at 9
Siege of Vicksburg
An attack on Vicksburg, that last city on the Mississippi. Union gained control over the Mississippi after this.
Emancipation
The freeing of slaves
The Emancipation Proclamation
The order to free the Confederate slaves.
Contrabands
Escaped slaves
54th Massachusetts Infantry
Consisted mostly of free African Americans. In July 1863 led a heroic charge on Fort Wagner, South Carolina
Copperheads
Mid-westerners that sympathized with the South and opposed abolition.
Habeas corpus
Constitutional protection against unlawful imprisionment
Clara Barton
Helped Union Soldiers and founded the American Red Cross
Battle of Gettysburg
A key battle that finally turned the tide against the Confederates. the battle began july 1st and continued to July 3, 1863
George Pickett
Confederate Major General who commanded the largest unit at Gettysburg and commanded Pickett’s Charge.
Pickett’s Charge
In the late afternoon, nearly 15000 men took part in Pickett’s Charge. For one mile, the Confederates marched slowly up toward Cemetery Ridge. Showered with cannon and rifle fire, they suffered severe losses. 7,500 people died.
Gettysburg Address
A speech given by President Lincoln praising the bravery of the Union soldiers and renewed his commitment to win the Civil War.
Wilderness Campaign
a series of battles designed to capture the Confederate capital of Richmond.
William Tecumseh Sherman
Union General who sieged Atlanta, made “Georgia howl,” and practiced total war from Atlanta to the sea.
Total war
Destroying of civilian and economic resources.
Appomattox Courthouse
The courthouse where lee surrendered to Grant, ending the Civil War.
