Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Medical Scribe > Course 4: Physical Exam > Flashcards

Course 4: Physical Exam Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 8 systems covered in a PE?

A
  • Eyes: PERRL= Pupils are equal round and responsive to light
  • ENT: Moist mucosa membranes
  • Neck: Supple, No Lymphadenopathy (no swollen lymph nodes
  • Cardiovascular: Regular rate & rhythm and heart sounds normal. Well perfused (Blood is flowing appropriately)
  • Respiratory: No issues breathing, CTAB (clear to auscultation bilaterally)
  • Extremities: No edema
  • Skin: Dry, no rash
  • Gastrointestinal: non-distended (not enlarged, normal size)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Define perfusion

A

flow of blood through the body’s blood vessels. (Pulse)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the normal GCS for people?

A

a Nml GCS adds up to 15

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

If there is unilateral edema what might be the DDx?

A

DVT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

If there is bilateral edema what might be the DDx?

A

CHF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Define anicteric

A

normal sclera

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Define icteric

A

yellowing of the eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Define CVA tenderness in a PE

A

Costovertebral Angle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Why would a physician conduct a CVA tenderness PE?

A

To check the Flank area of the body where the kidneys are located. The Physician might suspect the Pt. to have a kidney stone or pyelo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is a normal general/constitutional PE?

A
  • No Acute Distress (NAD)
  • Well nourished, Well developed
  • Alert
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is an abnormal General/Constitutional PE?

A

•Mild/moderate/severe distress (due to pain)
•Emaciated/Malnourished/Cachetic
•Unresponsive: no rxn to a stimulus
—Somnolent: drowsy, sleepy and postictal (confused, drowsy nausea, non with sz)
–Obtunded: slowed respond to the environment
———-Both obtunded and somnolent Pt. will give some response to stimuli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the normal PE of the Head?

A

-Atraumatic and Normocephalic (AT/NC)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the abnormal PE of the head?

A

Any signs of trauma, Sinus tenderness (Sinusitis)

Angioedema (Allegric reaction)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the normal PE of the Eyes?

A

PERRL: Pupils Equal, Round, Reactive to light
EOMI: Extraocular movement intact
Sclerae Anicteric
Normal conjunctiva (mucous membrane that lines the eye)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the abnormal PE of the eyes?

A 
Anisocoria (Unequal pupils)
EOM entrapment
Scleral icterus (liver failure)
Pale conjunctiva
Conjunctival injection (redness)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Define Anisocoria

A

Unequal pupil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What does EOM entrapment mean?

A

The Extraocular movement is not intact

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What does scleral icterus indicates?

A

liver failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is conjunctiva injection?

A

Redness of the conjunctiva

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What tool is used for an internal PE of the eye?

A

Ophthalmoscope

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What tool is used for an external PE of the eye?

A

Wood’s lamp or fluorescein uptake

22
Q

Which would be used to look at a corneal abrasion Wood’s lamp or fluorescein uptake?

A

Fluorescein uptake

23
Q

Define papilledema

A

optic nerve at the back of the eye becomes swollen.

24
Q

Defien hyphema

A

collection of blood in the eye caused by trauma

25
Q

What are abnormal finding for a PE of the ear?

A 
Bulging of the Tympanic Membrane
Erythema of the TM
Dullness of the TM
TM effusion 
TM obscured by Cerumen
26
Q

Define cerumen

A

earwax

27
Q

List some abnormal PE of the nose

A

All are caused by trauma

  • Epistaxia
  • Rhinorrhea
  • septal hematoma
  • Boggy Turbinates
  • Nasal deformatity
28
Q

What is septal hematoma

A

Infection of the septum

29
Q

Define boggy turbinates

A

swollen inner nose

30
Q

What is the normal PE of the mouth and throat ?

A

Moist mucous membrane

31
Q

What is the medical terminology for mouth and throat region?

A

oropharynx (o. ro. phar. ynx)

32
Q

What is the abnormal PE of the mouth and throat ?

A
  • Dry mucous membrane
  • Dental caries (decay)
  • Edentulous (toothless)
  • Pharyngeal edema
  • Tonsillar asymmetry and uvular shift (symptoms of peri-tonsillar abscess)
  • Tonsillar exudate (fluid)
  • Tonsillar hypertrophy (enlargement)
33
Q

A dry mucous membrane is a sign of what?

A

Dehydration

34
Q

What are symptoms of peritonsillar abscess?

A

Tonsillar asymmetry and uvular shift

35
Q

What is a normal PE of the neck and cervical spine?

A

Supple

36
Q

What is a abnormal PE of the neck and cervical spine?

A
  • Thyromegaly
  • jugular venous distention (JVD)
  • Carotid bruit
  • Cervical Lymphadenopathy (swollen lymph nodes)
  • Vertebral Point (Midline) vs. Paraspinal Tenderness
  • Nuchal Rigidity, Meningismus, Limited ROM
37
Q

Define enlarged thyroid

A

Thyromegaly

38
Q

What is Carotid Bruit?

A

Auscultate the neck and hear a whoosh sound. This is caused by plac build up

39
Q

Define Cervical Lymphadenopathy

A

Swollen Lymph nodes

40
Q

Which spinal tenderness would physicians be more concerned about Vertebral Point (Midline) or Paraspinal Tenderness?

A

They would be most concerned about Vertebral point (midline spinal) tenderness because it could be a spinal fracture possible
while Paraspinal tenderness would indicate muscle sprain possibly

41
Q

What are the normal PE for cardiovascular contradictions?

A
  • Regular Rate
  • Regular rhythm
  • Heart sounds normal
42
Q

What are the abnormal PE for cardiovascular contradictions?

A

Tachycardic/Bradycardic (rate)
Irregularly irregular (rhythm)
Heart sounds: Murmurs, rubs, gallops, extrasystoles (hearts hiccups)

43
Q

List the type of pulse that is found in a Perfusion PE.

A 
Radial Pulse (forearm)
Carotid pulse (neck)
Femoral pulse (hip)
Dorsails Pedis (DP) pulse (above the foot)
Posterior Tibial (PT) pulse (ankle)
44
Q

what is the medical term for rhythm?

A

Cadence

45
Q

What are the normal PE for perfusion ?

A

Pulses equal and symmetric, Capillary refill less than 2 seconds

46
Q

What is the normal value of a pulse?

A

2+ = easily palpable (normal)

47
Q

What are the normal PE for pulmonary?

A

No respiratory distress

CTAB (Clear to auscultation Bilaterally

48
Q

What does CTAB stand for?

A

Clear to auscultation Bilaterally

49
Q

What are the abnormal PE for pulmonary?

A

-Mild/moderate/severe respiratory distress
- Tachypnea
-Accessory muscle use
-diminished breath sounds
-wheezes
Rales (crackles)
-Rhonchi

50
Q

What are indications of respiratory distress?

A
  • Mild/moderate/severe respiratory distress
  • Tachypnea
  • Accessory muscle use
51
Q

What are indications of unclear to auscultation bilaterally?

A

diminished breath sounds
-wheezes
Rales (crackles)
-Rhonchi

Medical Scribe (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions