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Course 2.5 Flashcards

1
Q

What is Diabetic Ketoacidosis?

A
  • Reduced insulin
  • Hyperglycemia
  • produce ketones
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2
Q

Who is at risk of getting Diabetic Ketoacidosis?

A

People who suffers from type I and type II Diabetes Mellitus

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3
Q

What is the CC of Diabetic Ketoacidosis?

A

Presistent Vomiting and a history of diabetes Mellitus

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4
Q

What are the associated Sx for diabetic ketoacidosis?

A

polyuria, polydipsia, SOB

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5
Q

What is the PE for diabetic Ketoacidosis?

A

Ketotic odor “Fruity”
Dry mucous membrane (dehydrated)
Tachypnea

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6
Q

What is the Dx for diabetic ketoacidosis?

A

Arterial blood Gas, venous blood gas

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7
Q

What is cellulitis?

A

infection of the skin

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8
Q

What is the CC for Cellulitis?

A

Red, swollen, painful area of the skin

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9
Q

What is the PE for cellulitis?

A

Edema, erythema, induration (hardening of the skin)

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10
Q

How is Cellulitis treated and dx?

A

Treated with abx and dx clinically

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11
Q

What is abscess?

A

Infection of the skin characterized by pus collected under the skin.

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12
Q

What is the CC of abscess

?

A

Fluctuance (pus-pocket)
induration
purulent drainage

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13
Q

How is abscess diagnosed

?

A

clinically

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14
Q

What is a rash?

A

changes in the skin caused by a reaction

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15
Q

What is the CC if rash?

A
  • -Red
  • -Itchy (pruritic: Purrr ..ri..tic)
  • -Painful
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16
Q

What is the PE for at rash ?

A
  • Urticaria (Hives or wheals)
  • Purpura (dangerous rash)
  • Macules (flat skin dis-coloration)
  • Papules (raised bumps)
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17
Q

What is an allergic reaction?

A

Causes an immune response that causes inflammation

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18
Q

Who is at risk for an allergic reaction?

A

people with food an drug allergies

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19
Q

What are the C of an allergic reaction?

A

SOB
• Rash
• Itching
• Swelling

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20
Q

What is the PE of an allergic reaction?

A
  • Edema
  • Angioedema
  • Urticaria (hives)
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21
Q

How is an allergic reaction DX?

A

Dx: Clinically

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22
Q

What is an adverse reaction?

A

side effects caused by a medication or procedure.

–Negative response

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23
Q

What is the CC for an adverse reaction?

A
  • Constipation
  • Dry mouth
  • N/V/D
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24
Q

What is Extremity Injury ?

A

• Trauma that cause pain/swelling to extrem-ities.

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25
Q

What is the CC and assoc sx of extremity injury?

A
  • Bruising
  • Deformity
  • Limited use
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26
Q

What the PE for extremity injury?

A
  • Ecchymosis (Blood/bleeding under skin)
  • Edema
  • ROM limited
  • Distal CSMT intact (Circulation, Sensory, Motor, Tendon)
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27
Q

What does CSMT stand for ?

A

(Circulation, Sensory, Motor, Tendon)

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28
Q

What is Musculoskeletal Back Pain ?

A
  • Strain of back creating pain

* Worse with movement

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29
Q

CC of Musculoskeletal Back Pain ?

A

• Lumbar back pain

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30
Q

Assoc sx for musculoskeletal back pain?

A

• Shooting posterior low-er extremity pain

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31
Q

What is the PE for musculoskeletal back pain?

A
  • Positive Straight Leg Raise (SLR)

* Sciatica (Radiating nerve pain)

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32
Q

What is Streptococcal Pharyngitis ?

A

• Bacterial infection of the Throat

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33
Q

what is the CC for streptococcal pharyngitis?

A

• Sore Throat

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34
Q

What is the PE for Streptococcal Pharyngitis?

A
  • Pharyngeal Erythema
  • Tonsillar Hypertrophy (Enlargement)
  • Tonsillar Exudates (Pus)
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35
Q

What is the Dx for Streptococcal Pharyngitis?

A

• Rapid Strep

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36
Q

Streptococcal Pharyngitis can lead to what?

A

Peritonsillar abscess

37
Q

What is peritonsillar abscess?

A

asymmetric swelling of the tonsils and infection.

38
Q

What is otitis media?

A

• Viral/bacterial infection of the tympanic membrane causing ear pain and pressure.

39
Q

What is the CC for otitis media?

A
  • Ear pain

* Ear pulling

40
Q

Associate sx for otitis media

A
  • Fever
  • Sore Throat
  • Dry Cough
  • Congestion
41
Q

What is the PE for otitis media?

A
  • Erythema
  • Effusion (Giving off liquid)
  • Dullness/Bulging of tympanic membrane
42
Q

How is otitis media diagnosed?

A

clinically

43
Q

What is upper respiratory infection URI?

A

• Viral Infection causing inflammation of the up-per airway, congestion, cough.

44
Q

What is the CC for URI?

A
  • Cough

* Congestion

45
Q

What is the assoc sx for URI?

A
  • Fever
  • Sore Throat
  • HA
  • Myalgia (muscle pain)
46
Q

How is URI diagnosed?

A

clinically

47
Q

What is Sepsis?

A

• Immune system causing inflammation in the blood that stems from a primary infection

48
Q

Who is at risk of getting sepsis?

A
  • Current infection: viral, bacterial or fungal
  • Open wound
  • IVC or breathing tube
49
Q

What is the CC of sepsis?

A
  • Fever

* AMS

50
Q

What is the PE for spesis?

A
  • Tachycardia
  • Hypotension
  • Febrile
  • Discoloration of skin
51
Q

what is the Dx for sepsis?

A

blood culture, lactate acid and CBC (complete blood count)

52
Q

What is DVT ?

A

• Clot in the low extremities causing decreases blood flow.

53
Q

Who is at risk for developing DVT?

A
  • FHx of DVT
  • PMHx DVT or PE
  • Immobility
  • Surgery
  • Injury to LE
  • Pregnancy
  • Birth Control
  • Cancer
54
Q

What is the CC for DVT?

A
  • Swelling and pain in lower extremity

* Atraumatic and unilat-eral

55
Q

What is the Dx for DVT?

A

Ultra sound/ doppler of the extremity

56
Q

What is Aortic dissection?

A

• Tear in the muscular membrane of the heart ar-tery causing rupture/death.

57
Q

What is the CC for aortic dissection ?

A

• Chest/Abd pain radiating to the back

—-ripping or tearing

58
Q

What is the PE for aortic dissection?

A

Hypotension

59
Q

What is the Dx for aortic dissection?

A

CTA cheat

A/P with IV contrast

60
Q

What does stand for AAA?

A

Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm

61
Q

What is AAA?

A

• Enlarging of the abdominal aorta

—Risk of rup-turing

62
Q

What is the CC for AAA?

A

• Midline ab-dominal pain

63
Q

What is the PE for AAA?

A
  • Abdominal bruit (murmur)
  • Hypotension
  • Midline pulsa-tile abdominal mass
64
Q

What is the Dx for AAA?

A

• CT A/P with IV contrast dye

65
Q

What is GRED?

A

GRED stands for gastroesophageal reflux disease.

• Stomach acid entering the esophagus

66
Q

What is the CC for GRED?

A

• Epigastric Pain/burning

67
Q

What is the PE for GRED?

A

• Epigastric tenderness

68
Q

What is urinary tract infection?

A

infection of the urinary tract

69
Q

Who’s at risk for developing a uti?

70
Q

What is the CC for UTI?

A

Dysuria (painful urination)

71
Q

What are assoc sx to uti?

A
  • Frequency

* Malodorous urine (Smelly urine)

72
Q

What is the PE for UTI?

A

• Suprapubic Tenderness

73
Q

What is the Dx for UTI?

A

urine dip and urinalysis (UA)

74
Q

What is kidney stone?

A

• Kidney stone leaves the kid-ney and travels down the ureter

75
Q

What is the CC for kidney stone?

A
  • Flank Pain
  • Sudden onset
  • Radiating to groin
76
Q

What are the Assoc sx for kidney stone?

A
  • Hematuria

* N/V

77
Q

What is the PE for kidney stone ?

A

• CVA tenderness

78
Q

What is the Dx for kidney stone?

A

• CT abd/pelvis

79
Q

What is the ectopic pregnancy?

A

• Fertilized egg develops outside the uterus

80
Q

What is the CC for ectopic pregnancy?

A

• Lower abdomen pain
• Vaginal bleeding while pregnant
Dx:

81
Q

What is the Dx for Ectopic pregnancy ?

82
Q

What is testicular and ovarian torsion ?

A

male: Twisting of the spermatic cord resulting in lack of blood flow to the testicles
female: Twisting of the ovarian ar-tery resulting in lack of blood flow to the ovaries.

83
Q

What is the CC for testicular torsion ?

A

• Testicular pain

84
Q

What is the CC for ovarian torsion?

A

• Lower ab-dominal pain (RLQ or LLQ)

85
Q

What is the PE for testicular torsion?

A

• Testicular tender-ness/swelling of the right or left testicle

86
Q

What is the Dx for testicular torsion?

A

• US Scrotum

87
Q

What is the Dx for ovarian torsion?

88
Q

What is the PE for ovarian torsion?

A

• Tenderness in the LLQ or RLQ

Medical Scribe (9 decks)

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