Cortical Structure and Function Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the 2 types of cortex

A
  1. neocortex - 90% volume. 6 layers

2. allocortex - 3 layers.

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2
Q

Pyramidal cell

  1. structure
  2. where are they found
A
  1. big soma, long apical dendrite UP lots of synapses

2. cortex 80% hippocampus and amygdala

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3
Q

Granule cells

  1. structure
  2. where are they found
A
  1. small stellate, small soma

2. cortex hippocampus and cerebellum

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4
Q

What type of neurones are pyramidal and granule

A
p = excitatory glutametergic 
g = inhibitory gabaergic
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5
Q
  1. Name the 6 layers of the cortex

2. label the input and output

A
  1. molecular - few
  2. external granular
  3. External pyramidal
  4. Internal granular INPUT
  5. internal pyramidal OUTPUT
  6. multiform
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6
Q

what can you see using golgi and nissl stains

A

golgi - whole cells

nissl - cell bodies

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7
Q

which layers of the cortex do association fibres run

A

layers 1 - 3

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8
Q

Name the 3 input fibres to the cortex

A

association fibres, commisural fibres, thalamocortical fibres

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9
Q

Name the types of association and commisural efferent fibres in the cortex

A

sup longitudinal fasicularis
inf longitudinal fasicularis
occipitofrontalis fasicularis
occipitotemporalisfasicularis
arcuate fasicularis (broccas - wernickes)
uncinate fasicularis (hippocampus - amygdala)

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10
Q

Name the 3 types of output fibres from the cortex

A

projection - brainstem basal ganglia
association
commissural

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11
Q

what areas are big on the homonculus

A

the hands and lips

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12
Q

which layers of the cortex are bigger in the sensory and motor regions

A

sensory 4 motor 5

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13
Q

describe language lateralisation

A

one side of the brain is used predominantly

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14
Q

What id wada exam

A

puts one side of brain to sleep so can see which side dominant language is

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15
Q

describe the split brain phenominom - dissconnection syndrome

A

in people with a severed corpus callosum - hold key infront of left side write key left side ring right side. sees key .. info sent to R side of the brain as it crosses over. cant communicate with language centres on the right side of the brain so says RING

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16
Q

where would you find paleocortex and archiocortex

A

pal - olfactory

achrio - hoppocampus

17
Q

paleocortex

archiocortex

A

1, olfac

2. hippo