Anatomy and function of the ANS and hypothalamus Flashcards

1
Q

boundaries of the hypothalamus

A

mammillary bodies and lateral sulcus

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2
Q

Name the 4 main functions of the hypothalamus

A

Homeostasis, rheostasis, growth and repro development and function

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3
Q

How does the hypothalamus regulate homeostasis

A

hormonal and neural signals to target tissue/ organ. receives hormonal, neural and humoral signals back and responds accordingly

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4
Q

Hypothalamus control of thermoregulation

A

anterior hypothalamus decreases your temp vis vasodil and sweating
post hypothal increases your temp via vasocon and shivering and brown fat and thermogenesis

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5
Q

lesions in the ant hypothalamus cause?

A

hyperthermia

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6
Q

what is brown fat

A

fat pads that take up a lot of glucose so generate a lot of heat

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7
Q

How do we regulate water balance

A

if dehydrated paraventricular nucleus and supraoptic nucleus increase ADH –> thirst and kidneys- water retention

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8
Q

Intake and expenditure in energy balance

A

INTAKE - food intake and appetite

EXPENDITURE - BMR, thermogenesis, locomotor, growth

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9
Q

Describe how the hypothalamus regulates food intake

A

when you’re hungry it releases ghrelin. you then eat, when you’re full autonomic stretch receptors relay back to the hypothlamus, CCK PYY and GLP1 are released and sensed by the hypothalamus to stop eating

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10
Q

what happens if leptin levels fall?

A

your appetite increases, you BMR decreases and your reproduction decreases

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11
Q

orexigenic and anoretic neurons do what

A

orexigenic stimulate food intake and anorectic inhibit food intake (diff NTs)

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12
Q

What is rheostasis

A

circadian variation and seasonal variation. regulating things like sleep wake, body temp, HR, organ function, ability to concentrate

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13
Q

whats the master clock called

A

super chiasmatic nucleus

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14
Q

which hormone released by hypothalamus is involved in thermoreg as well

A

TRH

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