Cortical Localization of Function 1 Flashcards
Majority of sulci and gyri are too variable to mark functional domains. The two exceptions to this are _
Calcarine sulcus
Central sulcus
Examples of 3 cell characteristics that have been used to map cortex cytoarchitecture include
Cell Density
cell type
myelination
True or false: Thalamocortical connections map very closely to cytoarchitectural differences, inferring functional differences
True
There are six primary areas in the cortex. What modalities do they serve?
Somatosensor Olfactory Auditory Gustatory Visual Motor
This type of cortical area responds to only a single modality, and receives majority of inputs from a specific thalamic nucleus
Primary area
This type of cortical area receives input from a single specific thalamic nucleus, responds to a single modality but is involved in higher order processing
Secondary or belt area
These areas are bimodal / multimodal, perform complex integrative functions, receive thalamic input from non-specific nuclei, especially the pulvinar
Association areas
Previously widely accepted cytoarchitechtural models of the cortex are being replaced by _
Modular organization
The components of the modular cortical organization are _ (3)
neuronal column (minicolumn) Cortical column (hypercolumn) Cortical module
Modular columns match up very well with Brodman’s map
False
Apraxia is _. It is categorized under which of the cognitive functions?
The inability to execute planned tasks / movements
Spatial and construction
The 4 disorders under the speech and language category of cognitive function are
Alexia
Agraphia
Aphasia
Anomia
Alexia refers to
Inability to understand written words
Agraphia refers to
Inability to communicate via writing
Aphasia refers to
A disturbance in the comprehension and formulation of language
Anomia
The inability to recall words or names
Amnesia refers to _. It falls under what category of cognitive function?
The inability to remember
Learning and memory
Agnosia refers to _. It falls under what category of cognitive function?
The inability to recognize (people, objects, smells)
Recognition
The best documented example of lateralization of function is _. What hemisphere is it most commonly associated with?
Language
Left hemisphere
The verbal and non-verbal functions of the hemispheres refer to _
Left and right, respectively
Spatial functioning is more associated with which hemisphere?
Right
Negative emotions are not associated with any particular hemisphere, but rather are _
Language based
the cortical areas are connected with their counterparts by _
Corpus callosum
Callosal fibers are branches of _
Ipsilateral association connections
Loss of the corpus callosum results in very severe deficits True or false
False
Feed forward connections are associated with connections between _
Primary and secondary areas
Feedback connections are associated with connections between _
Higher hierarchical areas to the primary areas
Verbal components of emotion are associated with which hemisphere? What about non-verbal?
Left and right, respectively
The major determinant of function of any brain area is the input. True or false
True
