Cerebral Cortex 1 Flashcards
(39 cards)
Clinco-anatomical correlation refers to
Correlation of premortem signs with lesions observed during autopsy
The first attempts to match cortical localization with function involed _ (person) and _ (movement)
Franz Gall
Phrenology
The matching of skull irregularities to underlying function is the basis of which movement?
Phrenology
What was the location of Broca’s patient’s lesion? (3)
Inferior frontal convolutions
Pars triangularis
Opercularis
A lesion involving the following 3 areas will result in what clinical finding?
Inferior frontal convolutions
Pars triangularis
Opercularis
Inability to find / form words (Broca’s area)
Majority of behaviors involve single neural areas working in isolation (T/F)
False
What types of cells are characterized as follows?
- Large apical dendrite
- Horizontal running basal dendrites
- Large Axon from soma base
Pyramidal cells
The most common cell type in the cerebral cortex is _
Pyramidal cell
Pyramidal cells (which consist of all projection neurons) are found in which cell layers?
All but layer 1
Stellate, Chandelier, Aspiny, Spiny and Basket cells refer to what type of cell?
Granule Cells
What are the names of granule cells in the following cell layers
III - (1)
IV - (2)
III and V (1)
Chandelier
Spiny and Aspiny
Basket cells
he major function of granule cells are as _. They are largely _ in nature
Interneurons
Inhibitory
What are the six layer names within the cortex?
Plexiform Outer granular Outer pyramidal Inner granular Inner pyramidal Multiform
The band of Baillerger are a layer of horizontal fibers contained within what cortical layers?
IV and V
A major charactistic of cells within columns are?
Functionally linked - Same receptive field and sensory modality
The corpus callosum links the entire left and right cortex (except the temporal pole). From what cortical layer do corpus callosum neurons arise? What are they called?
Layer III
Interhemispheric neurons
The temporal poles of both hemispheres are connected by what structure?
Anterior Commisure
Long association neurons connect _. They arise from what layers?
Connect lobes
Layers III and V
Short association axons connect _. They arise from what layer?
Gyri
Layer II
Local intrinsic axons connect what?
Layers
Local circuit acons typically connect _? What is unique about their neurotransmission?
Connect columns
Usually peptidergic
The following corticofugal axons arise from what layers?
Corticothalamic
Corticobulbar and corticospinal
Corticostriate and corticopontine
Layer VI
Layers III and V
Layer V
Corticopetal axons refer to _
Axons coursing towards the cortex
All cortical neurons are formed by _
The first half of gestation