Core and Neck Muscles Flashcards
Intercostals
Hint: both external and internal have the same origin, insertion and nerve
External O- Lower border of the rib above I- Upper border of rib below A- Elevate ribs (inhale) N- Intercoastal Nerves (segmental)
Internal O- Upper border of rib below I- Lower border of rib above A- Depresses the ribs (exhale) N- Intercostal nerves (segmental)
Diaphragm
O- Right Crus Ligament (in L3), Left Crus Ligament (L2), Medial and Lateral acute ligament, inner aspect of lower 6 ribs and posterior xyphoid process (2 slips)
I- Central Tendon
A- Raises intra-abdominal pressure, inhale and stabilizes upper lumbar segments
N- Phrenic Nerve (C3-C5), Intercostal nerves (6-12), L1-L2 Ventral Rami
Rectus Abdominus
O- Costal cartilage of ribs 5-7, xyphoid process and sternum
I- Pubic Tubercle
A- Flex the trunk (abs)
N- Thoraco-abdominal nerves (last 4 spinous process in thoracic C7-11)
External oblique
O- Ribs 5-12, soft tissue origins of serratus anterior insertions
I- Iliac crest, pubic tubercle, linea alba
A- flexion of trunk (bi-lateral),contra-lateral rotation (unilateral)
N- Thoraco- abdominal nerves (T7-T11), Subcostal Nerve (T12)
Internal oblique
O- Lumbo-dorsal fascia, iliac crest and inguinal ligament
I- Linea alba, Pectin Pubis, ribs 10-12
A- Increase intra-abdominal pressure (bilateral), ipsilateral rotation (unilateral)
N- Thoraco-abdominal nerves (T6-11), Iliohypogastric nerve (L1) and Ilioinguinal nerve (L1)
Quadratus Lumborum
O- Iliac Crest, Iliolumbar ligament
I- 12th rib, TVPs of L1-L5
A- Ipsi-lateral trunk flexion (uni-lateral), Depress the 12th rib (uni-lateral) and maintains upright posture (bi-lateral)
N- Ventral Rami of T12-L4
Sternocleidomastoid
O- Sternal- manubrium, Sterno-clavicular joint
I- Mastoid process, nuchal line (superior)
A- Flexion of cervical spine, extension of cranium (bi-lateral), Ipsilateral flexion and contra-lateral flexion and contra-lateral rotation (uni-lateral), forced inhalation
N- Spinal Accessory Nerve (Cranial Nerve XII)
Anterior Scalene
O- Anterior tubercles of TVPs 3-6
I- 1st rib
A- cervical flexion, elevates 1st rib (bi-lateral), ipsilateral flexion and contra-lateral rotation (uni-lateral)
N- Ventral Rami C5-6
Middle Scalene
O- Anterior tubercles of TVPs 2-7
I- 1st rib
A- cervical flexion, elevates 1st rib (bi-lateral), ipsilateral flexion, contra-lateral rotation (uni-lateral)
N- Ventral Rami C3-5
Posterior Scalene
O- Anterior tubercles of TVPs 5-7
I- 2nd rib
A- cervical flexion, elevates 2nd rib (bi-lateral), ipsilateral flexion (uni-lateral)
N- Ventral Rami C6-8
Longus Coli
O- Anterior bodies of T1-T3, anterior tubercles of TVPs C3-7
I- Anterior arch of C1, Vertebral bodies C2-C4
A- Flexes cervical spine, rotates cervical spine
N- Ventral Rami C2-6
Temporalis
O- Temporal fossa of occipit
I- Coronoid process of mandible
A- Elevation and retraction of the mandible
N- Trigeminal nerve
Masseter
O- Zygomatic Arch of maxilla
I- Coronoid process and ramus of mandible
A- Elevation and protraction of the mandible
N- Trigeminal nerve
Lateral Pterygoid
O- Lateral wing of sphenoid
I- Condylar process of mandible and TMJ
A- Depresses mandible, protraction, lateral deviation of mandible, moves articular disc anterior
N- Lateral Pterygoid Nerve
Diagastric
O- Anterior Belly- Inner anterior surface of mandible
Posterior Belly- Mastoid Process
I- Hyoid bone via common tendon
A- Depression of mandible, elevates hyoid
N- Trigeminal and Facial Nerve
