Controlling Fertility Flashcards
What happens if oestrogen is used everyday?
It inhibits the production of FSH and after a while egg development and production stop and stay stopped
How does progesterone reduce fertility?
Stimulates the production of thick cervical mucus which prevents sperm getting through and reaching the egg
What is the pill?
An oral contraceptive
When was the first version of the pill made?
1950s
What did the first version of the pill contain?
High levels of oestrogen and progesterone
What are the positive sides of the pill?
Over 99% effective for preventing pregnancy
Reduces risk of getting some types of cancer
What are the negatives sides of the pill?
It is not 100% effective
Causes side effects
Does not protect against STDs
What are some side effects of the pill?
Headaches
Nausea
Irregular menstrual bleeding
Fluid retention
What other contraceptive pill is there?
Progesterone only pill
What is the progesterone only pill like?
It has fewer side effects but is not as effective
What happens if women have too low levels of FSH?
Eggs do not mature
No eggs released
Women can not get pregnant
How can women use LH and FSH to stimulate egg release?
Injection
What are the positive sides of increasing fertility?
Helps women get pregnant
What are the negative sides of increasing fertility?
It does not always work
Too many eggs could be stimulated resulting in multiple pregnancies such as twins and triplets
What does IVF help?
Couples have children
What does IVF stand for?
In vitro fertilisation
What does IVF involve?
Collecting eggs from woman’s ovaries
Fertilising them in a lab using the man’s sperm
They are grown into embryos
Once the embryos are tiny balls of cells they are transferred to a woman’s uterus to improve their chance of pregnancy
What are the positives of IVF?
Fertility treatment can give an infertile couple a child
What are the negatives of IVF?
Some women have a strong reaction to he hormones
Some reports of increased risk of cancer
Multiple births
What are some reactions women can have to the hormones?
Abdominal pain
Vomiting
Dehydration
