Controlling Flashcards
a critical function because it ensures that all the management function of leading, planning, and organizing are all towards the same goal. It’s the process of monitoring, comparing, and correcting work performance.
Controlling
The value of the control function can be seen in three specific areas:
planning,
empowering employees,
protecting the workplace.
Why is control so important?
- it’s the only way that managers know whether organizational goals are being met and if not, the reasons why.
- employee empowerment.
- to protect the organization and its assets.
a three-step process of measuring actual performance, comparing actual performance against a standard, and taking managerial action to correct deviations or to address inadequate standards.
assumes that performance standards already exist, and they do. They’re the specific goals created during the planning process.
control process
THE CONTROL PROCESS
STEP 1. MEASURING ACTUAL PERFORMANCE
STEP 2. COMPARING ACTUAL PERFORMANCE AGAINST STANDARDS
STEP 3. TAKING MANAGERIAL ACTION
Four approaches used by managers to measure and report actual performance
personal observations,
statistical reports,
oral reports, and
written reports.
What is measured is probably more critical to the control process than how it’s measured.
Because selecting the wrong criteria can create serious problems.
Managers can choose among three possible courses of action:
do nothing,
correct the actual performance, or
revise the standards.
which corrects problems at once to get performance back on track,
immediate corrective action,
which looks at how and why performance deviated before correcting the source of deviation.
basic corrective action,
TYPES OF CONTROL
FEEDFORWARD CONTROL
CONCURRENT CONTROL
FEEDBACK CONTROL
The most desirable type of control prevents problems because it takes place before the actual activity.
taking managerial action before a problem occurs.
FEEDFORWARD CONTROL.
takes place while a work activity is in progress.
CONCURRENT CONTROL
The best-known form of concurrent control is __________ . Another term for it is __________
direct supervision.
management by walking around,
which is when a manager is in the work area interacting directly with employees.
management by walking around,
the control takes place after the activity is done.
The most popular type of control relies on feedback
FEEDBACK CONTROL.
Feedback controls do have two advantages.
- feedback gives managers meaningful information on how effective their planning efforts were.
- feedback can enhance motivation.
they might analyze quarterly income statements for excessive expenses. They might also calculate financial ratios to ensure that sufficient cash is available to pay ongoing expenses, that debt levels haven’t become too high, or that assets are being used productively.
FINANCIAL CONTROLS
a way to evaluate organizational performance from more than just the financial perspective.
balanced scorecard approach
A balanced scorecard typically looks at four areas that contribute to a company’s performance:
financial,
customer,
internal processes, and
people/innovation/growth assets.
Managers need the right information at the right time and in the right amount to monitor and measure organizational activities and performance.
INFORMATION CONTROLS
a system used to provide managers with needed information on a regular basis.
management information system (MIS)
CONTEMPORARY ISSUES IN CONTROL
ADJUSTING CONTROLS FOR CROSS-CULTURAL DIFFERENCES
WORKPLACE CONCERNS
defined as any unauthorized taking of company property by employees for their personal use. It can range from embezzlement to fraudulent filing of expense reports to removing equipment, parts, software, or office supplies from company premises.
EMPLOYEE THEFT
employee stress caused by an uncertain economic environment, job uncertainties, declining value of retirement accounts, long hours, information overload, other daily interruptions, unrealistic deadlines, and uncaring managers play a role.
WORKPLACE VIOLENCE.
