Control And Communication

Question 1

Cerebellum

Answer 1

Controls balance and coordination

Question 2

Medulla

Answer 2

Controls the automatic functions of the body

Ie heart rate and breathing

Question 3

Cerebrum

Answer 3

Involved in

Memory

Conscious movements

Interpreting signals from senses

Communication

Question 4

What forms the central nervous system?

Answer 4

Brain

Spinal cord

Question 5

What does the CNS do?

Answer 5

Coordinates the functions of all the organs in the body so all the body systems work together to keep the individual healthy

Question 6

Receptors

Answer 6

In the organs detect stimuli and covert them into electrical impulses

Question 7

Stimuli

Answer 7

Changes in the organisms internal and external environment

Question 8

Central nervous system

Answer 8

Processes and decides on an appropriate response to the changes which have been detached. CNS sends electrical impulses to the effector organ

Question 9

Motor neurons

Answer 9

Carry the electrical impulses from the CNS to effector organs

Question 10

Effector organs

Answer 10

Cause the appropriate response which allow the organism to adjust the changes detected

Question 11

Reflex action

Answer 11

Protects body from harmful situations

Fast Involuntary response to harmful stimulus

Electrical impulses do not travel to the brain

Sensory neuron to relay neuron to motor neuron (this process is called the reflex arc)

Question 12

Reflex action step 1

Answer 12

Body subjected to harmful stimulus

Receptors in sensory organs secrecy and send out electrical impulses

Question 13

Reflex action step 2

Answer 13

Electrical impulses are carried along the sensory neurons to the spinal cord

Question 14

Reflex action step 3

Answer 14

In spinal corn electrical impulse is passed from sensory neurons to relay neurons

Relay neurons carry electrical impulses through spinal cord and pass to motor neurons

Question 15

Reflex action step 4

Answer 15

The electrical impulses are carried along the motor neurons to the muscles which are the effector organs

Question 16

Reflex arc step 5

Answer 16

The impulse from motor neurons causes the muscles to contract moving the body away from the harmful stimulus

Question 17

What is a synapse?

Answer 17

A small gap formed between the ends of two neurons

The signal is passed from one neuron to the next by chemicals called neurotransmitters

Question 18

What is a hormone?

Answer 18

A chemical messenger made and released by endocrine glands

They are carried in the blood

They target tissue in an organ and cause a change in the way it works

Question 19

Hormone specificity

Answer 19

Different target tissues have different hormone receptors

Different hormones have different structures

A hormone can only join onto (and have an effect on) tissues with the correct receptors

Question 20

What is insulin?

Answer 20

A hormone released from the pancreas in response to high concentrations of glucose

It changes excess glucose into glycogen

Question 21

What is glucagon?

Answer 21

A hormone released from the pancreas in response to low concentrations of glucose in the blood

It changes glycogen to glucose

Question 22

How does it send comminations

Answer 22

Along neurones in the form of electrical impulses