Contrast Study Agents Flashcards
Contrast agents can be divided into what 2 major categories?
positive and negative
What is the most commonly used negative contrast agent?
air
Negative contrast agents will cause the area of the x-ray with the agent to appear how?
black
Positive contrast agents will cause the area of the x-ray with the agent to appear how?
white
What are 3 studies, negative contrast agents are often used for?
stomach, upper and lower GI, bladder
Depending on the study being performed, negative contrast agents may be administered by which routes?
Urinary catheter, enema, stomach tube
What are 2 major types of positive contrast agents?
barium and iodine compound
Positive contrast agents cause the x-ray to appear white because of what?
they stop more x-rays
What are 3 studies that a positive contrast agent might be used for?
stomach, GI tract, bladder
What is more commonly used positive contrast agent for GI studies?
Barium sulfate
Which contrast agent is NEVER administered IV?
Barium
What is once precaution that is unique to a radiopaque iodine agent?
pulls fluid into GI tract
Depending on study being performed, water soluble iodine compounds may be administered by which routes
orally, stomach tube, IV, urinary catheter, enema
Water soluble iodine preparations are _____ dense than barium
less
Barium sulfate is _____ expensive than radiopaque iodine products?
less
Which type of radiopaque iodine is rarely used in veterinary medicine?
oily/viscous iodine
When both negative and a positive contrast agent is used, it is referred to as what?
double contrast
By which route of administration are adverse reactions to the contrast agent more likely to occur?
IV
What are 6 possible signs of an adverse reaction to a contrast agent?
nausea, vomiting, hives, local irritation, dehydration, seizures
Why is carbon dioxide a little safer than room air as a negative contrast agent?
air is more likely to cause embolism
What are 2 positive contrast agents commonly used for GI studies?
barium and iodine
What are 3 negative contrast agents used for contrast studies?
air, oxygen, and carbon dioxide
Which positive-contrast medium is completely insoluble in the gastrointestinal tract and is not absorbed by the abdomen or thorax if leakage occurs?
barium
