Contrast Studies Flashcards
What is contrast radiogeaphy?
Taking of a radiograph using a contrast media
Enables visualisation of internal organs and structures where contrast is low.
When is contrast media used?
Help to render to structures with similar densities more visible
How does a contrast media make organs more visible?
By changing the radiopacity of the structure or that of the surrounding tissues.
Positive contrast media - Barium Sulphate
- high atomic number
- Absorb large portions of xray beam
- Appears white (radiopaque)
Negative contrast media
- Low atomic number
- Low abosrption of x-ray beams
- Appears black (radiolucent)
Myelography
X-ray of the spinal cord after an injection of dye into the space between the lining of the spinal cord and brain.
Cystography
Cystography is an imaging test that can help diagnose problems in your bladder
Urography
An examination used to evaluate the kidneys, ureters and bladder.
Arthrography
An imaging test used to look at a joint, such as the shoulder, knee or hip
Properties of contrast media
- easy to administer
- Non-toxic
- Provide optimum contrast to surrounding tissue
What are Barium Impregnated Polyethene Spheres (BIPs)?
- Fed to patient
- Gelatine capsule containing spheres of barium
- Passed in faeces (warn the owner)
Conventional Water Soluble Iodine Contrast
- Ionic salt - high osmotic pressure
- Anaphylaxia a possibility
- Nausea and retching
-NOT used in myelography
Non Ionic Low Osmolar Iodine
- Much safer contrast media
- Can be used for myelography
- More expensive
What is double contrast?
Negative and positive contrast media are used together
Usually in the bladder
Use of contrast- what checks should be made, and what SOPs should be followed?
- Date and type of contrast
-Quantity and concentration required
-Warm the contrast medium - easier to draw up - Check for forgein particles
- Record type and amount given on patient record
