Contraceptives

Question 1

Combined Oral Contraceptives: Common Drugs

Answer 1

Ethinyl estradiol/norethindrone (Ortho-Novum), ethinyl estradiol/levonorgestrel (Seasonique)

Question 2

Combined Oral Contraceptives: Mechanism of Action

Answer 2

Inhibits ovulation by suppressing gonadotropins, thickens cervical mucus, alters endometrial lining.

Question 3

Combined Oral Contraceptives: Contraindications

Answer 3

History of thromboembolic disorders, stroke, estrogen-dependent tumors, smoking (especially over age 35).

Question 4

Combined Oral Contraceptives: Safety Considerations

Answer 4

Take at the same time daily, monitor for signs of thrombosis (leg pain, swelling, chest pain).

Question 5

Progestin-Only Contraceptives: Common Drugs

Answer 5

Norethindrone (Micronor), medroxyprogesterone acetate (Depo-Provera)

Question 6

Progestin-Only Contraceptives: Mechanism of Action

Answer 6

Thickens cervical mucus, inhibits sperm penetration, may inhibit ovulation.

Question 7

Progestin-Only Contraceptives: Contraindications

Answer 7

Undiagnosed vaginal bleeding, breast cancer, liver disease.

Question 8

Progestin-Only Contraceptives: Safety Considerations

Answer 8

Monitor for irregular bleeding, bone density loss (Depo-Provera), use backup contraception if dose is missed.