Contraception, Fertilization & Embryotic Development Flashcards
Vasectomy & Tubal Ligation
cutting of vas deferens / fallopian tubes
Hysterectomy
Removal of the uterus
What does “The Pill” actually do?
Falsely increases Progesterone and Estrogen levels which tells hypothalamus to not release FSH or LH = no egg created
Fertilization definition
when the male gamete (sperm) meets female gamete (egg) to create a zygote
How long does it take for a fertilized ovum to travel to the uterus?
5-6 days
What is a zygote composed of?
1 fused nucleus with a total of 46 chromosomes (23 male + 23 female)
Female chromosome pair –> ________, Male chromosome pair –>______,
XX, XY
Where does fertilization occur?
Fallopian Tubes
What occurs in the first 24 HOURS
The zygote will divide into two cells
What occurs in three days?
The zygote becomes an 8-Cell MORULA
What does the morula become?
A blastocyst
What is a Blastocyst
a hollow ball of cells (8 or more)
What does the blastocyst develop?
A chorion
What’s the chorion?
the outer layer of the blastocyst
What’s the purpose of the chorion? (3 Functions)
attaches to the endometrium protects the embryo and allows for nutrient exchange
What are the three stages of embryo development?
Early cleavage, Blastula stage and Gastrulation stage
Summarize what occurs in early cleavage
Morula is swept through fallopian tubes continuing to develop (splitting), the cells eventually migrate to create inner and outer layers
Summarize what occurs in the blastula stage
a hollow ball of cells is developed, the chorion (outer edge) is formed and the blastocoel (inner fluid) is also created
What three layers or formed in the gastrulation stage?
Ectoderm, Mesoderm, Endoderm
What is the ectoderm and what does it create?
It’s the outermost layer, it codes for: skin, NS, hair and nails, eyes, teeth
What is the mesoderm and what does it create?
It’s the middle layer, it codes for: repro. organs, bones, connective tissue
What is the Endoderm and what does it create?
It’s the inner layer, it codes for: digestive tract and lungs, liver, pancreas, both parathyroid and thyroid
