Contraception, Fertilization & Embryotic Development

Question 1

Vasectomy & Tubal Ligation

Answer 1

cutting of vas deferens / fallopian tubes

Question 2

Hysterectomy

Answer 2

Removal of the uterus

Question 3

What does “The Pill” actually do?

Answer 3

Falsely increases Progesterone and Estrogen levels which tells hypothalamus to not release FSH or LH = no egg created

Question 4

Fertilization definition

Answer 4

when the male gamete (sperm) meets female gamete (egg) to create a zygote

Question 5

How long does it take for a fertilized ovum to travel to the uterus?

Answer 5

5-6 days

Question 6

What is a zygote composed of?

Answer 6

1 fused nucleus with a total of 46 chromosomes (23 male + 23 female)

Question 7

Female chromosome pair –> ________, Male chromosome pair –>______,

Answer 7

XX, XY

Question 8

Where does fertilization occur?

Answer 8

Fallopian Tubes

Question 9

What occurs in the first 24 HOURS

Answer 9

The zygote will divide into two cells

Question 10

What occurs in three days?

Answer 10

The zygote becomes an 8-Cell MORULA

Question 11

What does the morula become?

Answer 11

A blastocyst

Question 12

What is a Blastocyst

Answer 12

a hollow ball of cells (8 or more)

Question 13

What does the blastocyst develop?

Answer 13

A chorion

Question 14

What’s the chorion?

Answer 14

the outer layer of the blastocyst

Question 15

What’s the purpose of the chorion? (3 Functions)

Answer 15

attaches to the endometrium protects the embryo and allows for nutrient exchange

Question 16

What are the three stages of embryo development?

Answer 16

Early cleavage, Blastula stage and Gastrulation stage

Question 17

Summarize what occurs in early cleavage

Answer 17

Morula is swept through fallopian tubes continuing to develop (splitting), the cells eventually migrate to create inner and outer layers

Question 18

Summarize what occurs in the blastula stage

Answer 18

a hollow ball of cells is developed, the chorion (outer edge) is formed and the blastocoel (inner fluid) is also created

Question 19

What three layers or formed in the gastrulation stage?

Answer 19

Ectoderm, Mesoderm, Endoderm

Question 20

What is the ectoderm and what does it create?

Answer 20

It’s the outermost layer, it codes for: skin, NS, hair and nails, eyes, teeth

Question 21

What is the mesoderm and what does it create?

Answer 21

It’s the middle layer, it codes for: repro. organs, bones, connective tissue

Question 22

What is the Endoderm and what does it create?

Answer 22

It’s the inner layer, it codes for: digestive tract and lungs, liver, pancreas, both parathyroid and thyroid