Contraception Flashcards
Common forms of contraception
Combined hormonal contraception Progesterone only pill Progesterone only implants or injectable Intrauterine methods (coil) Sterilisation (male/female)
What is the Pearl Index?
Number of contraceptive failures per 100 women/years of exposure
What is method failure?
Pregnancy despite correct use of method by user
What is user failure?
Pregnancy because method not used correctly by user
What is LARC?
Long-Acting Reversible Contraception
Minimises user input and so mininmises user failure rates
What is CHC?
Combined hormonal contraception
Pill, patch and vaginal ring
Non contraceptive benefits of combined methods
Regulate/reduce bleeding- help heavy or painful natural periods
Stop ovulation- may help premenstrual syndrome
Reduction in functional ovarian cysts
50% reduction in ovarian and endometrial cancer
Improve acne/hirsutism
Reduction in benign breast disease, rheumatoid arthritis, colon cancer and osteoporosis
Side effects of combined methods
Breast tenderness Nausea Headache Irregular bleeding for the first three months Mood Weight gain
Prostogenic side effects
Appetite increase Hair loss/gain Mood change Bloating or fluid retention Headache Acne
No increased risk of venous or arterial thombosis
What is a vesectomy?
Vas deferens divided and ends cauterised small incision midline scrotum
Under LA - mostly in primary care
Medical termination
Mifepristone oral antiprogestogen tablet
36-48 hours later Misoprostol initiates uterine contraction which opens cervix and expels pregnancy
Average 4-6 hours to pass pregnancy under 12 weeks
Mifepristone helps Misoprostol work better
