Contraception

Question 1

the first pill that created a “pseudo-pregnancy” to not ovulate

Answer 1

enovid 10

Question 2

what are 4 common contraindications to OCP?

Answer 2

hx of hypertension
smoker
age
hx of migraines with aura

Question 3

what are 5 pros of OCPs?

Answer 3

regulate menses
decrease heavy bleeding
decreased cramps
decreased ovarian cysts
decrease acne

Question 4

what are 4 cons to OCPs?

Answer 4

sore breasts
nausea
spotting
decreased sex drive

Question 5

what are the 2 types of progesterone only OCPs in the US?

Answer 5

micronor (norethindrone)
slynd (drospiroenone)

Question 6

work by thickening cervical mucus and inhibit sperm migration, suppressing ovulation. Ovulation is not consistently suppressed and about half of users still ovulate

Answer 6

progesterone only

Question 7

what do progesterone-only pills typically cause? (2)

Answer 7

unscheduled bleeding
menstrual changes

Question 8

suppresses ovulation by inhibiting GnRH and LH/FSH, stabilizes the endometrium production to maintain a regular withdrawal bleeding pattern, thickens cervical mucus, and impairs normal tubal motility and peristalsis.

Answer 8

combined pill

Question 9

same dose for 3 weeks, then 1 placebo week

Answer 9

monophasic

Question 10

provide a lower ratio of estrogen/progestin during first half and higher dose during the 2nd half of the cycle

Answer 10

biphasic pills

Question 11

changes the dose every 7 days; estrogen and progesterone amounts can both change

Answer 11

triphasic

Question 12

what is the biggest disadvantage to combined pills?

Answer 12

unpredictable bleeding or spotting events

Question 13

norelgestromin and ethinyl estradiol daily that is changed weekly x 3 weeks and off for a week

Answer 13

the patch (orthoEvra)

Question 14

the shot typically given in the clinic, given 2 forms every 13 weeks

Answer 14

depo provera

Question 15

has less blood loss, anemia, fewer corpus luteum cysts, decreased cramps, pain and ovulation pain, improvement in endometriosis, and decreases seizures frequency

Answer 15

depo provera

Question 16

cons of depo provera (4)

Answer 16

progressive weight gain d/t increased appetite
irregular bleeding
slow return to baseline fertility

Question 17

associated with depo provera use and may not be completely reversible

Answer 17

bone loss

Question 18

what should be taken with depo provera? (2)

Answer 18

calcium
vitamin D

Question 19

etonogestrel implant placed in inner upper arm, approved for 3 years of use; has lower failure rates than permanent contraceptive options

Answer 19

nexplanon implant

Question 20

what is the most common side effect of nexplanon?

Answer 20

changes in bleeding pattern

Question 21

what imaging can nexplanon be seen on? where can it migrate if not seen in the arm?

Answer 21

x-ray
lungs

Question 22

in 1942, the Birth Control League was renamed _____ _______

Answer 22

planned parenthood

Question 23

soft sheath which thicken woven nylon filaments; ill-designed removal string that increased PID, sepsis, and infertility

Answer 23

dalkon shield (1971)

Question 24

approved for 10 years, works as a spermicide where the copper inhibits sperm motility and acrosomal enzyme reaction

Answer 24

paragard IUD

Question 25

con for paragard IUD?

Answer 25

heavier menstrual cycles

Question 26

approved for 8 years, thickens cervical mucous, prevents implantation by altering endometrium and changes uterotubal fluid also impairs sperm/ovum migration

Answer 26

mirena/liletta IUD

Question 27

what are 5 contraindications for IUD?

Answer 27

anatomic abnormality of uterus
pregnancy
current PID
vaginal bleeding
GYN malignancy