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imse (prelim) > continuation to intro | lymphocytes > Flashcards

continuation to intro | lymphocytes Flashcards

1
Q

t helper cells

  • secretes IL 4, 5, 6, 9, 10, 13
  • extraxcellular parasites & allergens
A

TH 2 and TH 9

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2
Q
  • cytotoxic LGLs
  • do not consistently express markers for B and T lymphocytes
  • lyses virally infected cells and tumor cells
  • has surface markers: CD 16, CD 56
A

NK cells

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3
Q

identify

  • 8-10um
  • high nuclear to cytoplasm ratio
  • lacks cytoplasmic granules
A

small lymphocytes

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4
Q

identify

  • activity against tumor cells
  • kill target cells
  • governed by cytokines
A

natural killer cell

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5
Q
  • rearrangement of b-cell receptor genes
  • CD 19, CD 45R
  • formation of ImG 7 epitope specificity
A

pro-B cell/ progenitor

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6
Q

identify

CD markers for cytotoxic/suppressor activity

A
  • CD 2
  • CD 3
  • CD 8
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7
Q
  • result of antigenic stimulation and transformation of activated B cells
  • distinguished by presence of abundant cytoplasmic immuniglobulins, which is excreted into the bloodstream
A

plasma cell

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8
Q

process of destroying antibody-coated target cells by NK cells, MONO, MACRO, and NEUT

A

ADCC (antibody dependent cell-mediated cytolysis)

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9
Q

identify

(passive antibody): artificial

mode of acquisition:
Ab produced by host:
immediate response:
duration of immune response:

A
  • plasma/serum infusion
  • no
  • yes
  • short
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10
Q

identify

largest secondary lymphoid organ that is specialized for filtering blood

A

spleen

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11
Q

identify

small lymphocytes are further divided into two major classes: (?) (?)

A

T and B lymphocytes

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12
Q

t helper cells

  • secretes IFN-y, IL-2, and TNF-a
  • effective against intracellular pathogens
A

TH 1

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13
Q

identify

it recognizes foreign antigens

A

lymphocytes

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14
Q

identify

site of B cell development & maturation

A

bone marrow

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15
Q

identify

the term when T helpers multiplies

A

clonal expansion

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16
Q

identify

T cells who can’t recognize the cell will undergo (?)

A

apoptosis

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17
Q

identify

normal ratio of CD 4 and CD 8 cells

A

2:1

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18
Q

lymph node

(?) exhibit a large number of receptors for antibodies and help capture antigens to present to T & B cells

A

follicular dendritic cells

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19
Q

identify

two categories of lymphocytes (size)

A
  • small lynphocytes
  • large granular lynphocytes (LGL)
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20
Q

t helper cells

  • secretes IL-17 and 22
  • recruits granulocytes against extracellular bacterial infection
A

TH 17

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21
Q

T lymphocytes

  • cytolysis of virally infected cells & tumor targets
  • production of lymphokine
A

effector functions

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22
Q

identify

  • early thymocytes lack CD 4 nad CD 8 markers
  • rearrangement of the genes coding for the TCR
  • generation of a functional TCR
A

double negative thymocytes

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23
Q

t regulatory cell

acts as a receptor for IL-2

A

CD 25

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24
Q

identify

  • responds to antigens presented by other cells (major histocompatibility complex)
  • recognize present antigen of an antigen-presenting cell
A

T helper cells

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25
Q

T lymphocytes

ability to amplify/suppress other effector lymphocytes (including T & B cells)

A

regulatory functions

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26
Q

double negative thymocytes

in TCR rearrangement, there is an (?) and (?) chains, that is responsible for (?)

A
  • alpha
  • beta
  • antigen recognition
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27
Q

identify

T helper cells subpopulation

A
  • CD 4
  • TH 1
  • TH 2
  • TH 9
  • TH 17
  • Tfh
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28
Q

identify

(passive antibody): natural

mode of acquisition:
Ab produced by host:
immediate response:
duration of immune response:

A
  • in vivo transfer
  • no
  • yes
  • short
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29
Q

identify

chemical messenger produced by stimulated cells that affects the function/activity of other cells

A

cytokine

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30
Q

identify

CD markers of T cells

A
  • CD 2
  • CD 3
  • CD 4
  • CD 8
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31
Q

identify

receptor for MHC class II

A

CD 4

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32
Q

identify

produce all cells of the blood, including lymphocytes

A

bone marrow

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33
Q

identify

largest major organ for antibody synthesis

A

spleen

34
Q

identify

it is bilobed and located in the anterior mediastinum (thorax)

A

thymus

35
Q

identify

()% of circulating nucleated cells are lymphocytes, and most of them are (?)

A
  • 20-30
  • long lived
36
Q

identify

helper inducer activity of T-cells is associated with what CD markers:

A
  • CD 2
  • CD 3
  • CD 4
37
Q

identify

maturation period of T cells

A

3 weeks

38
Q

NK cells

development by:
stimulated by:
half-life:

A
  • IL-15
  • IL-12, INF y & beta
  • 7-10 days
39
Q

no need for an antigen to develop

A

antigen-independent phase
- pro b cell
- pre b cell
- immature b cell
- mature b cell

40
Q

identify

  • CD 4 positive
  • binds to MHC class II
  • release cytokines
A

t helper cells

41
Q

identify

2 types of immune sera

A
  • antitoxins
  • antibacterial & antiviral
42
Q

identify

biggest primary lymphoid organ

A

bone marrow

43
Q

t cytotoxic cells

pore-forming proteins that polymerize in the presence of Ca²⁺

A

perforins

44
Q

identify

3 types of cell-mediated immunity

A
  • natural killer cells
  • T helper cells
  • cytotoxic T lymphocytes
45
Q

identify

  • CD 8 positive
  • kills tumor cells and virally infected cells by binding to MHC class I
  • releases cytotoxic granules (perforins & granzymes)
A

T cytotoxic cells

46
Q

identify

T lymphocytes are associated with 2 immunologic functions: (?) (?)

A
  • effector functions
  • regulatory functions
47
Q

t helper cells

  • remains in the lymph nodes and interacts with B cells and plasma cells there
  • provides essential signaling to B cells as they undergo processes
A

Tfh

48
Q

spleen

  • composed mostly of lymphocyte
  • where most immunological cells reside
A

white pulp

49
Q

identify

surface markers that identifies a particular cell line/stage of cellular differentiation with a defined structure

A

cluster of differentiation (CD)

50
Q

identify

important protection against intracellular pathogens

A

cell-mediated immunity

51
Q

spleen

  • immune functions
  • pitting
  • culling
A

red pulp

52
Q

identify

  • represents approx. 80% of the circulating lymphocytes in the peripheral blood
  • located in PALS (periarterial lymphatic sheath)
A

T lymphocytes

53
Q

identify

  • thymocytes express both CD 4 and CD 8 antigens
  • “positive selection”
A

double positive thymocytes

54
Q

identify

central collecting points for lymph fluid

A

lymph node

55
Q

identify

receptor for MHC class I

A

CD 8

56
Q

identify

main source of HSCs (hematopoietic stem cells)

A

bone marrow

57
Q

double positive thymocytes

in TCR alpha chain, it consists of (?), (?) regions on (?)

A
  • V
  • J
  • chromosome 14
58
Q

identify

(active antigen): artificial

mode of acquisition:
Ab produced by host:
immediate response:
duration of immune response:

A
  • vaccination
  • yes
  • no
  • long
59
Q
  • rearrangement of genes coding light chains (Kappa & Lambda)
  • CD 20, CD19, CD 22
A

pre-B cell/ Precursor

60
Q

t regulatory cell

suppresses activity of other T cells

A

FOXP3

61
Q

needs an antigen to develop

A

antigen-dependent phase
- plasma cell
- memory cell

62
Q

identify

  • reaches maximal size at puberty
  • it atrophies and replaced by fatty tissue
A

thymus

63
Q

end product of:
- T cells:
- B cells:

A
  • cytokines
  • antibody
64
Q

identify

  • CD 4 & CD 25 positive
  • differentiation is stimulated by TGF-β (includes expression of FOXP3 protein)
  • suppress immune response and prevents autoimmunity
  • comprises approx. 5-10% of all CD 4 T cells
  • important role in suppressing the immune response to self-antigens
A

T regulatory cell (suppressor)

65
Q

identify

  • 16um
  • smaller n/c ratio
  • has cytoplasmic granules
A

large granular lymphocytes (LGL)

66
Q

identify

develops from the third and fourth pairs of embryonal pharyngeal pouches

A

thymus

67
Q

identify

main function is to destroy virus infected cell

A

cytotoxic T lymphocytes

68
Q

identify

located in the upper left quadrant beneath the diaphragm and behind the stomach

A

spleen

69
Q

identify

(active antigen) : natural

mode of acquisition:
Ab produced by host:
immediate response:
duration of immune response:

A
  • infection
  • yes
  • no
  • long
70
Q

identify

it is a trapping site, standby area for T&B cells, and place of encounter of antigens

A

secondary lymphoid organs

71
Q

t cytotoxic cells

activates nuclease that targets DNA and also disrupts the cell’s mitochondria

A

granzymes

72
Q

identify

produced in the primary lymphoid organs (bone marrow & thymus)

A

lymphocytes

73
Q

identify

T lymphocytes end products of activation

A

cytokines

74
Q

identify

part of T cell antigen receptor complex

A

CD 3

75
Q

identify

in HIV infection, ratio of CD 4, CD 8 cells

A

0.5:1

76
Q

identify

  • sheep blood cell receptor
  • classical T cell surface marker
A

CD 2

77
Q

identify

early precursor of T cell

A

thymus cortex

78
Q

identify

consists of RED & WHITE pulp

A

spleen

79
Q

identify

maturation site for T cells

A

thymus / medulla

80
Q

double negative thymocytes

in TCR beta chain, it consists of (?), (?), (?) regions on (?)

A
  • V
  • D
  • J
  • chromosome 7

imse (prelim) (6 decks)

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