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imse (prelim) > antigens and MHC > Flashcards

antigens and MHC Flashcards

1
Q

terms to describe an antigen

occur in unrelated animal and plant species, but they share the same structure

A

heterogenetic/heterophilic antigen

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2
Q

antigen

  • are incomplete/partial antigens
  • gives the antigen its antibody provoking abilities
  • they cannot induce immune response alone
  • antigens will become antigen if it binds to it
  • low molecular weight
  • antigenic
A

hapten

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3
Q

types of adjuvants

A
  • aluminum and calcium salts
  • freund’s adjuvant
  • lipopolysaccharide/endotoxins
  • squalene
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4
Q

classification

carrier and hapten are present

A

complete antigen

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5
Q
  • thymic dependent produces:
  • thymic independent produces:
A
  • IgG
  • IgM
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6
Q
  • substances that induce mitosis
  • can be considered “mimics of antigens”
A

mitogen

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7
Q

terms to describe an antigen

  • “twin”
  • between genetically identical individual
  • isograft
A

syngeneic antigen

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8
Q

antigenic determinants

  • it is seen on antigen:
  • it is seen on antibodies:
A
  • epitope
  • paratope
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9
Q

B cell or T cell Mitogens

  • concanavalin A (Con A)
  • phytohemagglutins
A

T cell mitogens

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10
Q

chromosome 6: CLASS I, CLASS II or CLASS III

  • C4B
  • C4A
  • C2
  • TNF
A

CLASS III

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11
Q

attached to the antigen, and would fit to the antigen binding site on our antibodies

A

epitope

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12
Q

B cell or T cell Mitogens

  • lipopolysaccharide
  • protein A
  • anti-immunoglobulin
A

B cell mitogens

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13
Q

any agent capable of inducing an immune response

A

immunogen

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14
Q

terms to describe an antigen

  • “sibling”
  • between different individuals with same species
  • homograft/allograft
A

allogenic/homologous antigen

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15
Q

2 or more compounds that has a degree of dissimilarity, but share antigenic determinants

A

cross reactivity

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16
Q

classification

either the carrier or hapten is present

A

incomplete antigen

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17
Q

kinds of antigen

a particulate antigen which when reacted with its antibody, results in the appearance of clumps/agglutination

A

agglutinogen

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18
Q

kinds of antigen

acted upon by allergenic antibodies in allergic reactions

A

allergens/anaphylactogens

19
Q

MHC cell distribution: CLASS I, II, or III

on B cells antigen presenting cells

20
Q

determinants common to several HLA molecules each of which additionally bears a distant HLA private antigen

A

HLA public antigens

21
Q

MHC cell distribution: CLASS I, II, or III

found on all nucleated cells

22
Q

kinds of antigen

a soluble antigen which when reacted with antibody results in precipitation pr setting out of antigen

A

precipitinogen

23
Q

chromosome 6: CLASS I, CLASS II or CLASS III

HLA-A,B,C

24
Q

terms to describe an antigen

  • comes from self
  • same individual
  • autograft
A

autologous antigen

25
Q

chemical composition of antigen

  • most are HAPTENS
  • do not posses sufficient chemical diversity
A

polysaccharide

26
Q

kinds of antigen

neutralized by antitoxin

27
Q

any agent capable of binding to components of immune response

28
Q

chromosome 6: CLASS I, CLASS II or CLASS III

  • DP region: beta-1,2; alpha-1,2
  • DQ region: beta-1,2,3; alpha-1,2
  • DR region: (4)beta, alpha
29
Q

property to induce a detectable immune response

A

immunogenicity

30
Q

he, a french scientist, gave the name HLA (human leukocyte antigen)

31
Q

chemical composition

  • most immunogenic (strongest)
  • high no. of epitopes
  • high no. of antibody
33
Q
  • found on all nucleated cells in the body
  • plays a pivotal role on both humoral and cellular immunity
  • MAIN FXN: brings antigen to the cell surface for recognition by T cellls
A

MHC molecules

34
Q

chemical composition of antigen

  • immunogens
  • best illustrated by RBC blood group antigens
  • HLA antigen
A

glycoprotein

35
Q

genes coding for MHC molecules are found on in the (?)

A

short arm of chromosome 6

36
Q

all (?) are antigenic whereas (?) are not necessarily immunogenic

A
  • immunogens
  • antigens
37
Q

genes controlling expression of a large group of proteins

A

MHC (major histocompatibility complex)

38
Q

antigen

  • protein which gives the hapten the required size
  • high molecular weight
  • immunogenic
  • can cause production of antibody
39
Q

terms to describe an antigen

  • “animal”
  • between different individuals of different species
  • xenograft
A

xenogenic/heterologous

40
Q

substances administered with an antigen that enhances the immune response

41
Q

antigenic size

  • non immunogenic:
  • reasonable/potent immunogenic:
  • good immunogen:
  • excellent immunogen:
A
  • <5,000 da
  • > 10,000 da
  • 40,000 da (albumin)
  • > 1,000,000 da (hemocyanin)
42
Q

combined B and T cell mitogens:

A
  • pokeweed mitogen
  • lectins
43
Q

HLA antigens found on single molecule (and no other)

A

HLA private antigens

imse (prelim) (6 decks)

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