Construction Technology & Environmental Services Flashcards
How can Part B: Fire Safety affect the design of a building?
- Means of escape through fire alarms and escape routes
- Fire resistant walls/doors/ floors
- Fire compartmentation
- Parking for fire brigade
What was the 2019 update to Part B - Fire Safety?
- New regulation applies to any residential building over 18m.
- All materials that are part of an external wall build up (inc balconies and solar panels) must be non-combustible
How has the construction industry been affected after Grenfell?
Designers must give careful consideration to:
- External wall builds ups
- Secondary means of fire escape
- Sprinkler systems
- Fire Alarms
- Parking facilities for fire brigade
How can Part M: Access and In Use affect the design of a building?
- Ramps
- Disabled Toilets
- Lifts
How could you implement fire stopping in a façade?
Fire barrier in the intersection of the external wall and slab/ ceiling
What types of substructures are you aware of?
- Shallow Foundations
o Strip Foundation
o Pad Foundation
o Raft Foundation - Deep Foundations
o Displacement Piles
o Replacement Piles
What affects the choice of substructure on a project?
- Soil
- Building type
- Building height
- Proximity
- Soil condition
- COST!!!
What types of super structures/ building elements are you aware of?
- Frames
- Upper Walls
- Roofs
- External Walls
- Stairs
- Internal Walls and Partitions
- Internal Doors
Can you give an example of when construction technology may differ in a different type of
building?
- Retail projects: Normally have partitions between units rather than blockwork walls to allow
flexibility of increasing or decreasing space in future - Retail projects: Extra requirements on partitions due to shop fitting
- Retail projects: Seasonal decorations power requirement
- Commercial building: Normally need longer spans and less thermal and acoustic properties than a Resi building
- Residential projects: Extra requirements for thermal and acoustic properties compared to an office. Fire Regs also stricter.
What facade systems are you aware of?
- Curtain walling
- Pre cast cladding
- Rain screen cladding
- Brickwork
How is an external wall connected to a frame?
- Secondary steel frame system which supports cladding.
- Cast in channels with plates and bolts that cast in to slab edge
What is a Unitised Facade System?
Prefabricated off site
Delivered and installed straight away
No scaffolding is required - installed from the inside of the floor plate
Has longer lead in but shorter installation
High quality as built in factory conditions (ie not on site)
What is a Stick Facade System?
Installed on site
Different elements are delivered to site and then facade is installed piece by piece
Scaffolding is required which impacts prelims costs
Shorter lead in time but longer on site installation
Less control over quality of installation as installed onsite
When would you use Pad foundations
Pad foundations are used to provide support to structural columns or framed structures.
They transfer the load of the column onto the bearing layer
For a shallow foundations that does not require much excavation and suitable when the load bearing capacity of the ground is sufficient at low depths
Not appropriate when dealing with differential settlement, uplift forces and wind forces
What are Pad foundations?
Pad foundations generally concrete blocks that provide support to structural columns or framed structures.
They transfer the load of the column onto the bearing layer
