consolidation of power

Question 1

What was Henry’s maternal claim to the throne ?

Answer 1

His mother was a direct descendant of Edward III by the marriage of his third son John of Gaunt.

Question 2

What was Henry’s paternal claim to the throne

Answer 2

His father, Edmund Tudor, was the half nephew of Henry VI

Question 3

How many troops did Henry have at the Battle of Bosworth ?

Answer 3

5000-6000

Question 4

How did Henry VII come to power ?

Answer 4

At the Battle of Bosworth, Richard III was killed.

Question 5

Give the 4 aims that Henry had when consolidating his power

Answer 5

1) establishing his own dynasty
2) securing loyalty
3) dealing with possible threats
4) gain recognition of his position

Question 6

Give the way in which Henry achieved his aim when consolidating power of establishing his own dynasty

Answer 6

His Wife, Elizabeth of York, gave birth to 7 children, three of which made it to adulthood.

Question 7

Who were Henry’s 3 children who made it to adulthood ?

Answer 7

1) Prince Arthur
2) Princess Margaret
3) Prince Henry

Question 8

How did the Birth of Henry’s children secure the tudor dynasty ?

Answer 8

It ensured a line of succession

Question 9

Give the 2 ways in which Henry Dalt with possible threats as he was consolidating power

Answer 9

1) Predated his reign to the day before the Battle of Bosworth

2) Henry also dealt with key Yorkists who posed an immediate threat

Question 10

How did Predating his reign to the 21st August (day before Battle of Bosworth) help Henry to consolidate his power ?

Answer 10

It made anyone who fought against him at the Battle fo bosworth a traitor and so they could be at risk of an act of attainder.

Question 11

Give an example of a Yorkist who had an act of attainder passed against him due to the predation of Henry’s reign.

Answer 11

Lord Lovell’s properties were confiscated as he was one of Richard III’s closest allies.

Question 12

Give the 4 Yorkists Henry dealt with when he came to power due to them being a key threat.

Answer 12

1) Earl of Warwick (10 years old)

2) John De La Pole (earl of Lincoln)

3) Duke of Suffolk (father of the earl of Lincholn)

4) Earl of Surrey (Thomas Howard)

5) Earl of Northumberland (Henry Percy)

Question 13

Why was the Earl of Warwick a key threat to Henry’s consolidation of power ?

Answer 13

He was a nephew of Richard III and a possible claimant to the throne

Question 14

How did Henry deal with the threat of the earl of Warwick ?

Answer 14

the 10 year old was sent to the Tower of London where he lived in comfort.

Question 15

Why was John De La Pole/ the Earl of Lincholn a threat for Henry ?

Answer 15

This is because he was a nephew of Richard III and was a named as his heir to the throne

Question 16

How did Henry deal with the threat of John De La Pole/ the Earl of Lincholn ?

Answer 16

the Earl of Lincholn was invited to join the King’s council after he professed loyalty to King Henry VII.

Question 17

How was the Duke of Suffolk (John De La Pole’s father) a key threat to Henry’s consolidation of power ?

Answer 17

Although he was not personally a threat to Henry, his Yorkist bloodline and ambitions sons, John and Edmund De La Pole meant that he was perceived as a key threat to Henry.

Question 18

How did Henry deal with the threat of the Duke of Suffolk (John De La Pole’s father) ?

Answer 18

He professed loyalty to Henry and he to was invited to join the King’s council.

Question 19

How was the earl of Surrey a key threat to Henry VII ?

Answer 19

He fought for Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth

Question 20

How did Henry deal with the threat of the Earl of Surrey ?

Answer 20

Henry imprisoned Thomas Howard (the Earl of Surrey) until 1489 when he was released because Henry was satisfied by his loyalty.

Question 21

How was Henry Percy (Earl of Northumberland) a key threat to Henry ?

Answer 21

This is because he was good friends with Richard III and had significant power in the North of England

Question 22

How did Henry deal with the threat of Henry Percy ?

Answer 22

Henry VII imprisoned Henry Percy until late 1485 when he was released and given control of the North of England as the Earl of Northumberland remaining loyal.

Question 23

How did Henry achieve his aim of securing loyalty as he consolidated his power ?

Answer 23

He did this by rewarding key supporters of his after the Battle of Bosworth.

Question 24

How many knighthoods did Henry reward to his key supporters after the battle of Bosworth as a way of ensuring loyalty ?

Answer 24

11

Question 25

Give 3 examples of knighthoods that Henry gave out to Key supporters

Answer 25

1) Sir William Stanley

2) Sir Thomas Stanley (HVII’s Stepfather)

3) Sir Thomas Lovell

Question 26

Are Sir Thomas Lovell and Lord Lovell the same person ?

Answer 26

no, completely different

Question 27

Why was Sir William Stanley given a knighthood by HVII ?

Answer 27

This is because he switched sides at the Battle of Bosworth from Richard III and helped secure Henry’s victory.

Question 28

Why was Sir Thomas Stanley given a knighthood by Henry ?

Answer 28

Also played an important role in helping Henry secure victory at the Battle of Bosworth.

Question 29

Why was Sir Thomas Lovell given a knighthood by Henry ?

Answer 29

This is because of his support for Henry in his claim to the throne as well as fighting for him at the Battle of Bosworth

Question 30

Can you give another example of one of Henry’s key supporters who he rewarded to secure loyalty who wasn’t given a knighthood.

Answer 30

Jasper Tudor became Duke of Bedford and Chief Justice of Wales and Lord Lieutenant of Ireland.

Question 31

Who was Jasper Tudor ?

Answer 31

the Uncle of HVII

Question 32

After being rewarded with a knighthood, what other role was Sir William Stanley given by Henry ?

Answer 32

He was also made Lord Chamberlain (responsible for the management of the royal household)

Question 33

After being rewarded with a knighthood, what other role/ title was Sir Thomas Stanley given by Henry ?

Answer 33

He was made the Earl of Derby

Question 34

After being given a knighthood, what other roles was Sir Thomas Lovell given by Henry ?

Answer 34

1) chancellor of the Exchequer

2) Treasurer of the household

3) Speaker of the House of commons

Question 35

Give 2 examples of how Henry achieved his aim of gaining recognition of his position as a way of consolidating his power

Answer 35

1) arranged for his coronation to take place on the 30th October 1485 before the meeting of the first parliament on the 7th November

2) asked the pope fro papal dispensation (permission from the pope) to marry Elizabeth of York as they were distant cousins

Question 36

How did the arrangement of HVII’s coronation before the meeting of the first parliament help to gain recognition of his position ?

Answer 36

It emphasised that his right to the throne was hereditary and not just because Parliament sanctioned it.

Question 37

How did the papal dispensation to marry Elizabeth of York help HVII to gain recognition of his position ?

Answer 37

Support from the pope meant that the public would recognise his position as King due to Catholicism being the overwhelming religion in society at the time.