Consciousness Flashcards
an individual is — when the individual
is awake and mentally responsive to stimuli—rather
than, for example, asleep or anesthetized.
Creature consciousness:
a mental state is —- when there
is something that it is like for the individual to be in
that state.
Phenomenal consciousness:
a mental state — when the
information contained in that state is available for
use in thought and behavior: for example, the state
’s
information may be used as a premise in reasoning or
for the rational control of action and speech.
Access consciousness:
when an individual
is subjectively aware of being in that state.
State consciousness:
an individual is —- (or, as some
simply put it, aware) of something when the
individual is mentally responsive to that thing,
typically either by perceiving or having a thought about it.
Transitive consciousness:
when the
individual is subjectively aware of being in that state
in a deliberate and attentive way.
Introspective consciousness:
when the individual is
subjectively aware of itself.
Self-consciousness:
STUDIES,
HOWEVER, STATE CONSCIOUSNESS—AND
PERHAPS MORE OFTEN PHENOMENAL CONSCIOUSNESS—IS OFTEN REGARDED AS THE PROBLEM OF CONSCIOUSNESS.
PHENOMENAL CONSCIOUSNESS MAY SEEM
PARTICULARLY HARD TO EXPLAIN BECAUSE IT APPEARS TO BE DISSOCIABLE FROM ALL
OTHER KINDS OF CONSCIOUSNESS.
Contemporary Issues
Predicts that conscious experiences require the
broadcasting of information to multiple brain
regions.
Global WorkspaceTheory
Proposes that consciousness emerges from
the integration of information across
different parts of the brain.
Integrated Information
Theory
Suggests that consciousness arises from higher-
order thoughts about one’s own mental states.
Empirical tests could involve manipulating the
content or intensity of higher-order thoughts
and observing corresponding changes in
conscious experience.
Higher - Order
Theory
Posits that the brain generates predictions about
incoming sensory information and updates these
predictions based on feedback.
Predictive
Processing
Seeks to identify specific brain regions or
patterns of neural activity that correlate with
conscious experience.
Neural Correlates of
Consciousness (CNN)
Today, consciousness in all of its varieties has
come into its own as right as a subject of
respectable scientific study (e.g., Michel et al.
2019).
Future Directions
