Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy > ✅Connective Tissues > Flashcards

✅Connective Tissues Flashcards

1
Q

What does the musculoskeletal system do?

A
  • Bones act as stiff levers
    • Muscles act to move bones
    • Movement only occurs at joints
    • Tendons connect muscles to bones
  • Ligaments limit movement of joints
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are examples of what bone connective tissues do?

A

– Support the body
– Protect vital organs
– Reservoir of minerals
– Leverage
– Blood cell production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are examples of what cartilage connect tissues do?

A

– Support hard
tissues (bones)
– Smooth, gliding surfaces for articulations
– Development and growth of long bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are 3 types of cartilage connective tissue?

A

Hyaline
Fibrous
Elastic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Describe Hyaline (common Connector)

A

Covers articular bone surfaces, connects ribs to sternum, abundant structural component in the respiratory system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Describe Fibrous (strong and rigid)

A

Intervertebral discs, abundant fibrous elements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Describe Elastic (flexible)

A

External ear, epiglottis, provides framework, large number of elastic fibres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Where are intervertebral discs?

A

Between each pair of vertebrae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the two regions of intervertebral discs?

A
  • Annulus Fibrosis

- Nucleus Pulposus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What do intervertebral discs do?

A
  • Allow movement between vertebrae

- Provide Load bearing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Describe the Annulus Fibrosis (fibrous ring)

A

– Layers of collagen in fibrocartilage
– Collagen fibres run parallel to each other within the layers
– Different layers are at different orientations
– Angles 60-75 ̊to horizontal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Describe the nucleus pulposis

A

Highly hydrated gel core (75% water)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What happens with loading of intervertebral discs?

A

• Disc compresses
• Side walls bulge
• Collagen fibres control wall bulge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How do you get a herniated disc?

A

Failure either through end plates or disc wall when loading

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What happens with failure of end plates of discs?

A

Extrusion of disc into vertebra reduces disc height & compresses nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

When is a spine flexed?

A

When leaning over

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What does a flexed spine mean?

A

That the front of disc in compression back in tension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What happens when a disc is in flexion?

A

Compressedside of disc bulges, tensile side straightens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What happens in forward flexion?

A

nucleus pulposus
is squeezed backwards

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What happens when a disc is in rotation?

A

In one direction fibres in annulus fibrosis are stretched, fibres in other direction relax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is a herniated disc?

A

• Discprotrudesand thus reduces the intervertebral foramen
• Compresses the nerve

22
Q

What are ligaments?

A

Ligaments are dense fibrous tissues.

23
Q

What is ligaments function?

A

To connect the articular extremities of bones (i.e. Bone to bone)

24
Q

What do ligaments help?

A

To stabilise the articulations of bones at joints

25
Q

What do anterior discs have?

A

havelarge anterior ligament

26
Q

What are posterior discs?

A

ligament between spinal column and vertebrae

27
Q

What does the anterior longitudinal ligament prevent?

A

Hyperextention

28
Q

What are the spinal ligaments?

A
  • Anterior Longitudinal Ligament

• Posteriorlongitudinal ligament
• Interspinousligament
• Superspinousligament
• Ligamentumflavum

29
Q

What are tendons?

A

Dense fibrous connective tissues.

30
Q

What do tendons do?

A

They attach muscles to bones.

They transmit the forces exerted by the muscles to the attaches bones

31
Q

What are articulations? (Joints)

A
  • Point of contact between two bones

- Point where bones are held together

32
Q

How are articulations classified?

A
  1. Function

2. Structure

33
Q

What are the joints classified by function?

A

– synarthrosis -> Immovable
– amphiarthrosis -> slightly movable
diarthrosis -> freely movable

34
Q

What are the joints classified by structure?

A
  • Fibrous -> Synarthrosis
  • Cartilaginous -> Amphiarthrosis
    Synovial -> Diarthrosis
35
Q

Describe suture

A

– Bones tightly bound by minimal fibrous tissue

– Skull only

36
Q

Describe Syndemoses

A

– Bones connected by ligaments
– E.g. tibiofibular ligament, interosseous membrane of
radius/ulna

37
Q

Describe Gomphoses

A

– Peg in socket joint
– Only found in teeth/alveoli

38
Q

Describe Synchondrosis

A

– Hyaline cartilage unites bones
– Epiphyseal growth plates

– Costal cartilage-sternum

39
Q

Describe Symphyses

A

– Fibrocartilage unites bones
– Pubic symphysis
– Intervertebral disc

40
Q

What are the most common joints in the body?

A

Synovial Joints

41
Q

Why are Synovial joints the most mobile?

A

– Completely enclosed in joint capsule formed from ligamentous
connective tissue
– Surrounded by a synovial membrane

42
Q

What are components of the synovial joints?

A

– Articular surfaces on bone with hyaline cartilage, the articular
cartilages
– Synovial fluid within capsule lubricates joint

43
Q

What surround the entire synovial joint, to support, strengthen, reinforce the joint?

A

Ligaments

44
Q

What pass across or around a synovial joint to transmit force from muscles

A

Tendons

45
Q

What may be connected to the synovial joint cavity or may be separate from it?

A

Bursae

46
Q

What do bursae do?

A

Reduce friction

Shock absorbers

47
Q

Why do Some synovial joints have cartilage, fat pads, menisci and/or articular discs (e.g. knee)

A

– subdivide a synovial cavity,
– channel the flow of synovial fluid,
– allow variations in the shapes of articular surfaces

48
Q

What are the 6 types of movement joints?

A
  • Gliding
  • hinge
  • pivot
  • condyloid
  • saddle
  • Ball-and-sock
49
Q

What are cartilage?

A

translucent elastic tissue that can be found on some articular bony surfaces and in some organs such as the nose and the ear.

50
Q

What are fascia?

A

covers body structures and separates them from each other

Anatomy (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions