Connective Tissue Online Module W3

Question 1

Two types of connective tissue

Answer 1

Special

Ordinary

Question 2

Special connective tissue (3)

Answer 2

Skeleton (bone and cartilage)

Blood and blood forming tissue

fat (adipose tissue)

Question 3

Ordinary connective tissue (2)

Answer 3

Ligaments and tendons

Stroma

Question 4

Every epithelium has a layer of ……. …… ……. beneath it

Answer 4

Loose connective tissue

Question 5

Structure of connective tissue (4)

Answer 5

Few cells

Lots of ECM

scattered cells

No contact between cells (no junctions)

Question 6

Two components of connective tissue

Answer 6

Cells

Extra cellular matrix

Question 7

Main type of cell in connective tissue

Answer 7

Fibroblasts

Question 8

Other cells found in connective tissue (FIXED)(3)

Answer 8

Macrophages
Mast cells
Plasma cells

Question 9

Other cells found in connective tissue (TRANSIENT)

1

Answer 9

Other white blood cells

Question 10

Connective tissue -cells- other cells- two types

Answer 10

Fixed

Transient

Question 11

Two main components of ECM

Answer 11

Ground substance

Fibres

Question 12

Fibres found in ECM (3)

Answer 12

Collagen

Reticular

Elastic

Question 13

What is ground distance made up of (3)

Answer 13

GAGs
Proteoglycans
Water

Question 14

What are GAGs

Answer 14

Glycolsaminoglycans

Question 15

Characteristics of firbroblasts (3)

Answer 15

Active

Have lots of Golgi

Lots of rER

Question 16

Fibrocytes characteristics

Answer 16

Inactive

Little rER

Little Golgi

Question 17

What do fibroblasts do (3)

Answer 17

Produce collagen proteins that make up collagenous fibres

Produce elastic fibres

Produce ground substance

Question 18

Collagen formation (4steps)

Answer 18

Procollagen
Tropocollagen
Collagen fibril
Collagen fibre

Question 19

What determines whether collagen fibres are very thin fibril or coarse bundles (2)

Answer 19

Type of collagen and other proteins present

Question 20

While family of collagen proteins that have different …(4)

Answer 20

Arrangements
Distributions
Functions
Compositions

Question 21

Type of collagen found in ordinary CT and bone

Answer 21

Type I

Question 22

Type of collagen found in cartilage

Answer 22

Type II

Question 23

Type of collagen found in reticular fibres

Answer 23

Type III

Question 24

Type of collagen found in basal lamina

Answer 24

Type 4

Question 25

Type of collagen found in muscle and tendon sheaths

Answer 25

Type 5

Question 26

Where is collagen made (2)

Answer 26

Collagen proteins made by fibroblasts Collagen fibrils assembled in extra cellular space

Question 27

Where are elastic fibres made

Answer 27

Step 1: rER step2: Golgi apparatus Step3: extra cellular space

Question 28

Step 1 of elastic fibre synthesis Where (1) What(3)

Answer 28

rER Synthesis of three components : Proelastin Mirofibril associated glycoproteins Fibrillin 1+2

Question 29

Step 2 of elastic fibre synthesis Where (1) What(1)

Answer 29

Golgi apparatus Packaging and secretion of proelastin

Question 30

Step 3 of elastic fibre synthesis Where (1) What(2)

Answer 30

Extracellular space Proelastin --> tropoelastin Assembly of fibrillin 1, 2 microfibril associated glycoprotein and tropoelastin

Question 31

2 types of ordinary connective tissue

Answer 31

Loose | Dense

Question 32

Characteristics of loose connective tissue (4)

Answer 32

Delicate and good for movement Lots of ground substance Few fibres Fine fibres

Question 33

Characteristics of dense connective tissue (4)

Answer 33

Strong Little ground substance Many fibres Course bundles of fibres Few scattered cells (fibrocytes>fibroblasts)

Question 34

What does Dense regular connective tissue look like Where is it often found

Answer 34

Moving in one direction Tendon

Question 35

What does Dense irregular connective tissue look like

Answer 35

Fibres moving in many directions

Question 36

Typical connective tissue | ie .......... connective tissue

Answer 36

Collagenous

Question 37

Unusual connective tissue | ie .......... connective tissue

Answer 37

Elastic

Question 38

What are fibrocytes

Answer 38

Inactive cells

Question 39

Function of loose connective tissue

Answer 39

Support (nutritional- facilitates diffusion)

Question 40

Function of dense connective tissue

Answer 40

Strength and support

Question 41

A special type of connective tissue:........ tissue for eg........ ......... in the aorta

Answer 41

Elastic Elastic lamina

Question 42

Example of highly specialised elastic tissue cardiovascular example Where is it found

Answer 42

Elastic lamina in aorta

Question 43

How many sheets of elastic lamina does the aorta have in its wall

Answer 43

40-60

Question 44

What is the purpose of elastic fibre in the aorta

Answer 44

To adapt to sudden changes in blood pressure thus avoiding rupture

Question 45

Adipose tissue is highly specialised form of ..... connective tissue

Answer 45

Loose

Question 46

What does white adipose tissue consist of (2)

Answer 46

Cells (adipocytes) that are tightly packed together Large lipid droplet fills cytoplasm Cytoplasm and nucleus pushed to edges

Question 47

What's another name for white adipose tissue

Answer 47

Unilocular

Question 48

Brown adipose tissue where is it found

Answer 48

In infants

Question 49

What is different about brown adipose tissue | Compared to white) (3

Answer 49

It has multiple smaller lipid droplets in cytoplasm It has numerous mitochondria (eosinophilia) Found in infants (can be found in adults at selected sites)

Question 50

What contains large amounts of adipose tissue

Answer 50

Hypodermis

Question 51

What does the macenchymal cell form (3)

Answer 51

Fibroblasts 2 types of early lipoblasts

Question 52

What do early lipoblasts form (2)

Answer 52

Midsage lipoblast Brown adipose tissue

Question 53

What does the mid stage lipoblast form

Answer 53

Late lipoblast --> white adipose tissue

Question 54

Another name for brown adipose tissue

Answer 54

Multilocular

Question 55

Adipose tissue functions (2)

Answer 55

Support tissue -hypodermis Shock absorption Energy source Secretes protein (Leptin) that regulates metabolism Rich capillary network and innervation by ANS

Question 56

Why did brown adipose tissue have multiple mitochondria

Answer 56

Because it metabolises fat to produce energy