Connective Tissue: Chapter 4, Section 2

Question 1

What are the components of connective tissue?

Answer 1

Specialized cells
Extracellular protein fibers
Fluid (ground substance)

Question 2

What are the functions of connective tissue?

Answer 2

Structural framework
Transport
Protection
Support
Energy storage
Defense from microbes

Question 3

What is the function of loose connective tissue? What are two types of cell?

Answer 3

Supporting other tissue
Fixed and wandering

Question 4

What are the 3 types of connective tissue?

Answer 4

Areolar
Adipose
Reticular

Question 5

Describe adipose tissue. Give an example.

Answer 5

Extracellular protein fibers
Phagocytosis of macrophages
Melanocytes

Question 6

Describe areolar tissue. Give an example.

Answer 6

Fat cells: nucleus at the side, limited space
Visceral
Bone marrow
Joint ligaments

Question 7

Describe reticular tissue. Give an example.

Answer 7

Large rigid protein fibers
Structure supports/resists distortion
Stoma, spleen

Question 8

What are the dense connective tissue types?

Answer 8

Dense regular
Dense irregular
Elastic

Question 9

What is the difference between regular and irregular tissue? Describe characteristics.

Answer 9

Irregular: Fiber meshwork, forces from multiple directions, covers visceral organs/bones/cartilage/peripheral nerves
Regular: Tendons, ligaments, forces parallel to long collagen fibers

Question 10

Describe elastic connective tissue

Answer 10

Elastic fibers outnumber collagen fibers
Springy, resilient
Found: between vertebrae, blood vessel walls, erectile penile tissue

Question 11

What are fluid connective tissues?

Answer 11

Blood and lymph
Matix: fluid, soluble proteins

Question 12

What are the supporting connective tissues?

Answer 12

Cartilage: hyaline, elastic, fibrocartilage
Bone

Question 13

What makes up the cartilage matrix?

Answer 13

Polysaccharides: chondroitin sulfates
With proteins: proteoglycans

Question 14

What are cartilage cells made up of? Where are they found?

Answer 14

Chondrocytes which are found in lacunae

Question 15

What separates the cartilage from surrounding tissue?

Answer 15

Perichondrium

Question 16

What does the hyaline cartilage provide?

Answer 16

Stiff but flexible support
Reduces friction between bones
Covers bone surfaces

Question 17

What does elastic cartilage provide?

Answer 17

Numerous elastic fibers
Allows distortion and rebound without damage

Question 18

What does fibrocartilage provide?

Answer 18

Little ground sibstance
Resists compression
Prevents bone-to-bone contact
Limits movement

Question 19

What do epithelium and connective tissues form when combined?

Answer 19

Membranes

Question 20

What can the mucous membrane be found? What is the function?

Answer 20

Digestive tract
Lines passage to communicate with exterior
Lubricated by mucus

Question 21

What can the serous membrane be found? What is the function?

Answer 21

Mesothelium supported by areolar tissue
Delicate doesn’t connect with exterior
Lines body cavities: pleura, pericardium, peritoneum

Question 22

What can the cutaneous membrane be found? What is the function?

Answer 22

Covers the body surface
Thick, waterproof, dry

Question 23

What can the synovial membrane be found? What is the function?

Answer 23

Lines moveable joint cavities
epithelium not true epithelium

Question 24

What is the fasciae?

Answer 24

Connective tissue layer that support/surrounds organs

Question 25

How many layers are there to the fasciae? Describe them.

Answer 25

Superficial fascia (surface): Areolar and adipose tissue
Deep fascia: dense irregular connective tissue, strength in multiple directions