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A&P1 > Connective Tissue > Flashcards

Connective Tissue Flashcards

0
Q

Characteristics of collagen fibers:

A

Primarily of protein collagen
Thick
Extremely tough
Provide tough tensile strength

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1
Q

What is ground substance ?

A

Unstructured, extracellular material between cells and contains fibers
It’s consistency varies from liquid to solid among the different kinds of CT

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2
Q

Characteristics of elastic fibers:

A

Long, thin fibers
Branching networks in extra cellular matrix
Rubber like protein (elastin) allows for stretching and recoiling

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3
Q

Characteristics of reticular fibers:

A

Short, fine, collagenous fibers
Continuous with collagen fibers
Delicate

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4
Q

Where is hyaline cartilage located?

A

Forms most of the embryonic skeleton
Covers ends of long bones in joint cavities
Forms costal cartilages of ribs, nose, trachea, larynx

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5
Q

Where is elastic cartilage located?

A

External ear and epiglottis

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6
Q

Where is fibrocartilage located?

A

Intervertebral discs
Pubic symphysis
Discs of the knee joint

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7
Q

What is an osteocyte?

A

Mature bone cell which reside in lacunae within the matrix

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8
Q

Characteristics of bone connective tissue:

A

Rocklike, hard, calcified
Ability to support and protect body structures
Abundant in collagen fibers

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9
Q

Define blood:

A

Fluid within blood vessels.
Does not connect things or give mechanical support
Classified as connective tissue because it derives from mesenchyme
Surrounded by a non living fluid matrix called blood plasma

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10
Q

Where in the body can you find elastic, dense connective tissue?

A

Walls of large arteries
Certain ligaments associated with vertebral column
Within walls of bronchial tubes

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11
Q

Characteristics of fibrocartilage :

A

Rows of chondrocytes, alternated with rows of thick collagen fibers
Compressive and resists tension well

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12
Q

What is the function of bone (osseous) tissue?

A

Supports and protects by enclosing
Provides levers for muscles to act on
Stores calcium, fat & other minerals
Marrow is site of blood cell formation (“hematopoiesis”)

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13
Q

What is the function of blood, connective tissue?

A

Transport respiratory gases, nutrients, wastes, and other substances

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14
Q

Where is blood, connective tissue located?

A

Contained within the blood vessels

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15
Q

What are the two classifications of connective tissue?

A
  1. ) connective tissue proper

2. ) supporting connective tissues

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16
Q

What is the general function of connective tissue?

A

Binds structures together
Fills in gaps
Serves as framework
Provides support and protection

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17
Q

What is connective tissue proper composed of?

A

Cells
protein fibers
ground substance (which forms a gel around cells and fibers)

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18
Q

What is supporting connective tissue composed of?

A

Bone and cartilage
Strong matrix
Cells are found in lacunae

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19
Q

What are the 3 types of fiber?

A

Collagenous
Elastic (yellow)
Reticular

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20
Q

What does “-blast” mean?

A

Undifferentiated, immature cell

21
Q

What does “-cyte” mean?

A

Mature cells

22
Q

What is the function of fibroblasts?

A

They produce fibers of various types

23
Q

What are chondrocytes?

A

Mature cartilage cells

24
Q

What are the characteristics of elastic fibers?

A

Sometimes called yellow fibers
Branched, elastic protein
Allows for stretching and recoiling

25
Q

What are the characteristics of collagenous fibers?

A

Sometimes called white fibers
Made of collagen
Thick, non-branched
Strong, non-elastic

26
Q

What are characteristics of reticular fibers?

A

Thin, delicate, Branched collagen

Forms networks

27
Q

What are mast cells?

A

Produce histamine

Associated with immune system

28
Q

What are hemocytoblasts?

A

Blood cells

29
Q

What is a chondroblast?

A

Immature, active cartilage-forming cell

30
Q

What is an osteoblast?

A

Immature, active bone-forming cell

31
Q

What is an osteocyte?

A

Mature bone cell

32
Q

What are the 3 types of cartilage?

A

Hyaline cartilage
Elastic cartilage
Fibrocartilage

33
Q

Define hyaline cartilage:

A

Glassy smooth appearance
Cells appear in ‘nests’ of lacunae
Serves as precursor to bone

34
Q

Where is hyaline cartilage found in body?

A

Costal cartilage on lower ribs
Covers ends of long bones
Forms cartilaginous rings of trachea

35
Q

Define elastic cartilage:

A

Consists of network of elastic fibers

Provides flexible shape to structures like epiglottis and earlobes

36
Q

Define fibrocartilage:

A

Consists of large collagen fibers
Lacunae are generally found between fibers
Forms intervertebral discs of vertebral column

37
Q

Characteristics of bone:

A

Consists of hard matrix of collagen fibers and calcium salts arranged in rings called lamella
Cells in lacunae
Lamellae around central canal (Haversian canal)

38
Q

What does blood consist of?

A

Red blood cells
White blood cells
Platelets
Plasma (matrix)

39
Q

Where are dense regular CT found?

A

Forms tendons, ligaments, and aponeuroses

40
Q

What is the function of dense regular CT?

A

Connect muscle to bone

Connect bone to bone

41
Q

What is the function of dense irregular CT?

A

Protective functions

42
Q

Where can dense irregular CT be found in body?

A

Form organ capsules

Dermis of skin

43
Q

What are adipocytes?

A

Fat cells

44
Q

What are the functions of adipose?

A

Source of stored energy
Protection (padding)
Insulation

45
Q

What are the 3 types of loose connective tissue?

A

Areolar
Adipose
Reticular

46
Q

What are the two types of supporting connective tissue?

A

Cartilage (hyaline, elastic, fibrocartilage )

Bone

47
Q

What type of connective tissue is the most atypical CT?

A

Blood

48
Q

What does all connective tissue derive from?

A

Mesenchyme

49
Q

Describe reticular loose connective tissue:

A

Network of reticular fibers

Forms the framework for certain organs which have fluids flowing through them (bone marrow, lymph nodes, spleen)

50
Q

Where can adipose loose connective tissue be found?

A

Padding around organs and bones

Lower layers of skin

A&P1 (15 decks)

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