Connective tissue Flashcards
Connective tissue functions
Primarily structural -Organ capsules -tendons -ligaments -areolar tissue filling spaces Phagocytes and plasma cells
Connective tissue develops from
Embryonic mesoderm
Connective tissue composed of
ECM and connective tissue cells
Resident CT cells
Mesenchymal cells fibroblasts Fibrocytes Reticular cells Adipocytes
Immigrant CT cells
Macrophages
Mast cells
Plasma cells
Leukocytes
Mesenchymal cells
Precursors of CT cells -stem cells for fibroblast smooth muscle endothelial cell differentiation
Fibroblasts
Synthesize and secrete the ECM including CT fibers
- Oval euchromatic nucleus
- structural
Fibrocyte
inactive
-spindle shaped with more heterochromatic nucleus
Reticular cells
Produce reticular fibers
-form netlike stroma of hematopoietic, lymphoid and adipose tissue
Idaho potato
White adipose cells/adipocytes
Specialized for lipid storage
-storage-heat
Macrophages
from bone marrow precursors
-divide to produce monocytes- move through blood to CT to form macrophages
defense- phagocytosis
trypan blue
Mast cells
Basophilic granules small central nucleus found around blood vessels -defense- histamine, hep fried egg
Plasma cells
differentiate from antigen-stimulated B lymphocytes
Primary producers of circulating antibodies
-immunologic
Clock face
3 types of connective tissue fibers
Collagen- large
Elastic- medium
Reticular- small
Lymphocytes
Immune cells
-immunologic
Eosinophil
Phagocytosis
Immunologic
Collagen fibers
Type I
Most widespread
-resists tension
Elastic fibers
- picro-orcein and resorcin fuchsin stains
- occurs in body where stretching is needed
Reticular fibers
Type III
Flexible meshwork
Stains black with silver salt
Fibril associated
type XII
binds type II
Form network
Type IV
BM meshwork
Anchoring fiber
Type VII
Anchors BM to collagen fibers
Oxytalan fibers
Elastic fiber
synthesized in the 1st stage of elastic fiber formation
composed of glycoprotein fibrillin
Elaunin fibers
Formed as the amorphous protein elastin
-btwn oxytalan fibers
mutations in fibrillin gene
Marfan’s syndrome
Osteogenesis imperfeta
Single nucleotide change in type I gene produces aortic rupture, fractures
Scurvy (vit C deficiency)
Impaired wound healing
Ehlers-Danlos type IV
Type III collagen faulty
-aortic and intestinal ruptures
Loose connective tissue
Areolar tissue
-more cellular than dense
found interspersed btwn tissues allowing their relative movement
Dense connective tissue
Contains collagen fibers
Dense regular
dense irregular
Dense regular CT
Has rope like arrangement
-found in tendons/ligaments/cornea
Dense irregular CT
Fabric-like arrangement
-forms most organ capsules/periosteum/dermis of the skin
Unilocular Adipose tissue
Yellow/white
composed of cells with a single large droplet of fat
-beneath skin/in/around organs
Develops from undifferentiated mesenchymal cells via lipoblasts
Multilocular adipose tissue
brown
Many lipid droplets/cell with abundant mito
primarily in fetus
develops from undifferentiated mesenchymal cells via lipoblasts
