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Histology Exam > Connective Tissue > Flashcards

Connective Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

What composes the extracellular matrix?

A
  • Fibers
  • Ground substance
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2
Q

What is the function of connective tissue?

A

Provide structural and metabolic support for the other tissues and organs.

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3
Q

What are the 5 different types of connective tissue?

A
  • Fibrous connective tissue
  • Adipose tissue
  • Cartilage
  • Bone
  • Blood
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4
Q

Which cells compose the connective tissue?

A
  • Mast cells
  • Fibroblast
  • Histocytes
  • Adipose cells
  • Reticular cells
  • Osteoblast/cytes
  • Chondroblast/cytes
  • Blood cells
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5
Q

What is the purpose of elastic fibre?

A

Allows stretching in tissue

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6
Q

What is the purpose of reticular fibres?

A

Delicate supporting framework for cellular organs

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7
Q

What is the purpose of collagen?

A
  • strength
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8
Q

What composes type 1 collagen?

A
  • Tendon
  • bone
  • adult skin
  • aorta
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9
Q

What composes type 2 collagen?

A
  • Cartilage
  • Intervertebral discs
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10
Q

What composes type 3 collagen?

A
  • Newborn skin
  • Aorta
  • Lung
  • Liver
  • Spleen
  • Kidney
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11
Q

What composes type 4 collagen?

A
  • Basement membrane
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12
Q

What is ground substance?

A

Transparent semi-fluid mucopolysaccharide gel

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13
Q

How can ground substance be stained?

A

Carbohydrate Staining

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14
Q

What composes basement membrane?

A
  • Epithelial cells
  • Type 4 collagen
  • glycoproteins
  • proteoglycans
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15
Q

Which staining techniques would you use to stain collagen?

A

Masson trichrome

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16
Q

Which staining techniques would you use to stain Elastic?

A

Verhoeff Van Gieson

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17
Q

Which staining techniques would you use to stain Reticulin?

A
  • Gordon and Sweet’s
  • Silver impregnation
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18
Q

Which staining techniques would you use to stain basement membrane?

A

PAS

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19
Q

Which staining techniques would you use to stain mast cells?

A

Toludine Blue

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20
Q

What is the purpose of Masson Trichrome?

A

demonstrating collagen and fibrotic changes

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21
Q

What is the theory behind Masson Trichrome?

A

Smaller molecules dye the less porous tissue and Larger -> larger pores

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22
Q

What is the idea fixative to use for Masson Trichrome?

A

10% NBF, however it must be post mordant in Bouin’s or Zenker’s

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23
Q

What is the purpose of using Weigert hematoxylin instead of alum hematoxylin in Masson Trichrome?

A

Stronger chemical union

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24
Q

What is PMA/PTA in Masson Trichrome?

A

Mordant differentiator

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25
Q

Which counter stains can be used in Masson Trichrome?

A
  • Blue
  • Green (best for large amounts)
26
Q

What will nuclei look like following Masson Trichrome?

A

Blue / Black

27
Q

What will Muscle, cytoplasm and RBC look like following Masson Trichrome?

A

Red

28
Q

What will Collagen look like following Masson Trichrome?

A

Green / Blue

29
Q

What is the theory behind Verhoeff van Gieson?

A
  • Hydrogen bonding
30
Q

Which fixative is best for Verhoeff Van Gieson?

A
  • AWFT
  • NBF
  • Zenker’s
31
Q

In Verhoeff Van Gieson what is the purpose of ferric chloride?

A

Mordant and Oxidizer

32
Q

In Verhoeff Van Gieson what is the purpose of hypo?

A

Remove the excess iodine

33
Q

In Verhoeff Van Gieson what is the purpose of verhoeff’s iodine?

A

oxidizer and Trapping agent

34
Q

What will nuclei look like following Verhoeff Van Gieson?

A

Blue / Black

35
Q

What will Elastic fibers look like following Verhoeff Van Gieson?

A

Blue / Black

36
Q

What will collagen look like following Verhoeff Van Gieson?

A

Red

37
Q

What will cytoplasm, muscle and look like following Verhoeff Van Gieson?

A

Yellow

38
Q

What are the three main components of the dye in Gamori’s Aldehyde Fuchsin?

A
  • Rosanaline
  • Pararosaniline
  • Basic Fuchsin (Magenta)
39
Q

What is the purpose of Gamori’s Aldehyde Fuchsin?

A

To stain;
- elastic fibers
- Mast cell granules
- Mucins
- Endocrine cells

40
Q

What is the method in which Gamori’s Aldehyde Fuchsin works?

A

Indirect staining

41
Q

Which counterstains can be used for Gamori’s Aldehyde Fuchsin?

A
  • Light green
  • Van Gieson
42
Q

What is the result of staining with Gamori’s Aldehyde Fuchsin?

A

elastic fibers, mast cell granules, mucins, B-cells, pituitary, islet of langerhans
ALL ROYAL PURPLE
everything else will stain based on the counterstain chosen.

43
Q

What is the preferred fixative of choice for Gamori’s Aldehyde Fuchsin?

A

NBF

44
Q

What is the purpose of Toludine blue staining method?

A

Demonstrate metachromatic tissue elements

45
Q

What are metachromatic tissues? and how?

A

Stain a different colour from the dye solution due to pH, dye concentration, temp and presence of water

46
Q

How are Mast cells different from other metachromatic tissue?

A

They can undergo alcoholic dehydration due to their stability

47
Q

What will nuclei look like after staining with toludine blue?

A

Blue

48
Q

What will mast cells look like after staining with toludine blue?

A

red / purple

49
Q

What is the preferred fixative of choice for toludine blue staining?

A

NBF

50
Q

What are the idea tissue sections for QC of mast cells?

A
  • GI tract
  • Skin
  • Respiratory epithelium
51
Q

What is the purpose of Gordon and Sweet’s silver impregnation?

A

Aids in differential diagnosis of tumours based on the location of the reticulum

52
Q

In carcinomas what will the reticulum look like?

A

Reticulum supports a nest of tumors

53
Q

In sarcomas what will reticulum look like?

A

Mesh like pattern around each tumour

54
Q

In lymphosarcoma what will the reticulum look like?

A

Each individual cell is surrounded by reticular fiber

55
Q

What is the method by which Gordon and Sweet’s works?

A

Argyrophilic reactions

56
Q

What is the external reducing agent used in Gordon and Sweet’s?

A

potassium permanganate

57
Q

What is the purpose of treating sections with iron alum in Gordon and Sweet’s?

A

Sensitization step

58
Q

How is silver reduced to it’s metallic form in Gordon and Sweet’s?

A

10% Formalin

59
Q

What will reticulin fibres look like after staining with Gordon and Sweet’s?

A

Black

60
Q

What will the background look like after staining with Gordon and Sweet’s?

A

Red

61
Q

What is the counter stain used in Gordon and Sweet’s?

A

Nuclear Fast red

Histology Exam (8 decks)

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