Bone Flashcards
What are the three kinds of bone?
- Compact bone
- Spongy Bone
- Subchondral tissue
What are the three types of cells found in bone?
- Osteoblast (New bone)
- Osteoclast (Break bone)
- Osteocyte (Maintenance)
When decalcifying bone what size of tissue sections should be used ?
4 mm
What are strong acid decalcifiers?
- Nitric acid
- Hydrochloric acid
- Formic acid
What can be added to Nitric acid that has yellowed?
0.1% Urea
Which strong acid is most often used for bone decalcification?
Formic acid because it’s much more gentle.
What are the 8 methods for decalcifying bone?
- Strong acids
- Thrichloroacetic acid
- acetic acid
- Chelating agent
- Ion exchange resins
- buffer solutions
- Electrolytic decalcification
- Surface decalcification
What are 5 factors influencing bone decalcification?
- Volume
- Concentration
- Temperature
- Agitation
- Amount of calcium present
What are the 5 endpoint tests when determining if bone has been fully decalcified?
- Manual
- Weight loss/Gain
- Bubble test
- X-ray
- Chemical
What embedding medium is commonly used in undecalcified bone?
Glycol Methylcrylate
What are ideal fixatives to use for undecalcified bone?
- Alcohol
- NBF
- Calcium formol
Following decalcification how can the acid be neutralized?
Lithium carbonate
How can bone dust be minimized?
- Use a Diamond blade when sawing
Which end point tests are the most dependable?
- Chemical
- X-ray
What is the primary purpose of decalcifying bone?
Soften bone for microscopic examination by removing mineral contents of the bone sample.
