Connective Tissue

Question 1

CT proper forms supportive

Answer 1

Stroma or parenchyma

Question 2

Ground substance

Answer 2

Proteinglycans, glycosaminoglycans, anionic, adhesive glycoproteins

Question 3

Adhesive glycoproteins found in CT

Answer 3

Laminin and fibronectin

Question 4

Fixed cells (intrinsic)

Answer 4

Fibroblasts

Question 5

Fibroblast origin

Answer 5

Hematopoietic cells

Question 6

Fibroblast fxn

Answer 6

-Synthesize and secrete ECM and produce growth factors

Question 7

Wandering leukocytes of CT (extrinsic)

Answer 7

• Monocytes: become macrophage when localized in CT
• Plasma cells
• Mast cells

Question 8

Monocytes

Answer 8

Become macrophages when localized in CT

-AKA histiocytes

Question 9

Plasma cells differentiate in CT from

Answer 9

B-Lymphocytes

Question 10

Type III collagen

Answer 10

• Reticular fibers

- Support heavily cellular organs

Question 11

Reticular fibers stain with

Answer 11

Silver stains and PAS

Question 12

Reticular fiber location

Answer 12

• Smooth muscle and hematopoietic organs (bone marrow, spleen, lymph nodes)
• Parenchymal organs (liver and endocrine glands)

Question 13

Elastic Fibers

Answer 13

• Central core of elastin with fibrillin surrounding

- Contain desmosine and isodemosine (aa)

Question 14

Elastic fibers are rich in which AA

Answer 14

-Glycine and proline

Question 15

Elastic fiber location

Answer 15

-Vertebral ligaments, larynx, elastic arteries

Question 16

Fibrillin vs Fibronectin

Answer 16

• Fibronectin has binding sites

- Fibrillin acts as a fibril forming molecule

Question 17

Type I collagen location

Answer 17

• BONE, dermis, organ capsules, fibrocartilage, cementum

- Osteogenesis imperfecta

Question 18

Type II collagen

Answer 18

-Hyaline and elastic cartilage

Question 19

Type III collagen

Answer 19

-Reticular fibers

Question 20

Type IV collagen

Answer 20

Lamina densa of the basal lamina

Question 21

Type V collagen

Answer 21

Placenta

Question 22

Tropocollagen

Answer 22

Formed by the last pro peptide cleavage of pro collagen

Question 23

Keloid formation

Answer 23

Overproduction of type III collagen

-Leads to elevated scarring in dark skinned patients

Question 24

Marfan syndrome

Answer 24

Defect in gene coding for fibrillin

Question 25

Collagen synthesis

Answer 25

1. ) preprocollagen in ribosomes on rER
2. ) in rER, hydroxylation of proline and lysine (Vit. C dependent)
3. ) Glycoslylation of hydroxylysine
4. ) triple helix (pro collagen)
5. ) trasport to golgi
6. ) Release to ECM
7. ) in ECM, cleavage of peptides to form tropocollagen
8. ) Tropocollagen aggregates to form fibrils
9. ) Fibrillar structure is reinforced by enzyme lysyl oxidase (LOX)

Question 26

Scurvy

Answer 26

• Lack of Vit. C
• Hydroxylation does not occur
• Gum ulceration and hemorrhages

Question 27

Osteogenesis imperfecta

Answer 27

• single NT change in a gene for collage type I

- Pontaneous fractions, cardiac insufficiency

Question 28

Ehlers-Danlos IV

Answer 28

• faulty translation of type III collagen

- Aortic and or intestinal rupture

Question 29

Type III collagen disorders

Answer 29

• Keloid formations (overproduction)

- Ehlers Danlos type IV (underproduction)

Question 30

Ehlers Danlos VI

Answer 30

• Faulty lysine hydroxylation

- Increased skin elasticity, rupture of eyeball

Question 31

Ehlers Danlos VII

Answer 31

Decrease in pro collagen peptides

-Increased joint mobility with frequent luxation

Question 32

Alport Disease

Answer 32

• Defect in type IV collagen
• X-linked
• Blood/protein in urine, progresses to CKD