Conjunctivitis Flashcards
causes of bacterial conjunctivitis in neonates
staph aureus
neisseria gonorrhoea
chlamydia trachomatis
causes of bacterial conjunctivitis in other age groups
strep pneumonia H. influenza neisseria gonorrhoea chlamydia staph aureus
presentation of bacterial conjunctivitis
rapid onset
morning crust (yellow discharge that is purulent)
difficulty opening eye(s)
gritty
diagnosis of bacterial conjunctivitis
swab
management of bacterial conjunctivitis
topical antibiotics e.g. chloramphenicol qds as drops or ointment
fusidic acid for staph aureus
gentamicin for pseudomonas aeruginosa
adverse of chloramphenicol
allergy
irreversible aplastic anaemia
grey baby syndrome (neonatal liver cannot cope)
presentation of neisseria gonorrhoea
lid swelling
globe tenderness
conjunctival chemosis
plus other symptoms of bacterial conjunctivitis
can lead to corneal ulceration and perforation
which bacteria is unresponsive to normal conjunctivitis treatment?
chlamydia
when should chlamydia be suspected in conjunctivitis?
bilateral in young adults
presentation of chlamydia conjunctivitis
low grade red eye
follicles on inner eyelid (grains of rice)
discharge
pre-auricular lymphadenopathy
diagnosis of chlamydial conjunctivitis
consent for chlamydia swab
contact tracing needed
management of chlamydial conjunctivitis
topical oxytetracycline
azithromycin PO for genital infection
risk in chlamydia conjunctivitis
subtarsal scarring
causes of viral conjunctivitis
adenovirus
herpes simplex virus (HSV)
herpes zoster
risk in viral conjunctivitis
highly contagious so often spreads to both eyes, strict hand hygiene and no sharing towels
presentation of viral conjunctivitis
rapid onset watery pain pre-auricular nodes history of URTI
presentation addition in herpes simplex conjunctivitis
vesicles on conjunctiva and eyelids
what is herpes zoster conjunctivits?
reactivation of V1, V2 and/or V3
management of herpes zoster conjunctivitis
acyclovir to minimise the risk of post-hepatic neuralgia
diagnosis of viral conjunctivitis
swab
management of viral conjunctivitis
topical lubricants e.g. hypromellose
presentation of allergic conjunctivitis
itchy
watery
bilateral
management of allergic conjunctivitis
allergen avoidance
topical antihistamines
once stabilised use mast cell stabilisers e.g. sodium cromoglycate
