Congenital Valve Anomalies Flashcards
What is the most common anomaly of the heart?
biscuspid AoV
What is the long term effect of Ao stenosis?
LV hypertrophy
What are the 2 types of AoV obstructions?
subvalvular and supravalvular
What is a MV anomaly that mostly occurs as an acquired disease in childhood?
congenital MV stenosis
What is it called when the MV is small but normally developed?
MV hypoplasia
What is the effect of MV hypoplasia?
LA enlarges, blood backs up to lungs
What is it called when the MV leaflets fail to develop normally and there is no opening?
complete MV atresia
What is it called when both MV chordae are attached to a single papillary muscle?
parachute MV
What is it called when there are short fused chordae that attach to multiple papillary muscles?
arcade MV
What is it called when there is 2 seperate MV openings?
double orifice MV (DOMV)
What is associated with trisomy 21?
cleft MV
What is it called when 1 papillary muscle attaches in the opposite ventricle?
straddling AV valve
What it is called when one valve is positioned over both ventricles?
overriding valves
What always occurs with VSD?
straddling and overriding valves
What can also be affected with straddling and overriding valves?
conduction system
What is it called when there is an absence of the PV or the leaflets fail to develop normal?
pulmonary atresia
What is associated with Tetrology of Fallot?
congenital pulmonic stenosis
What is the most common congenital pulmonic stenosis?
valvular
What pulmonic stenosis is aka infundibular?
subvalvular
What is it called when there is an absence of the funtion of the TV?
TV atresia
