confusing pairs Flashcards by Caroline Clark

Q

independent variable

A

what is tested or manipulated

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Q

dependent variable

A

what is measured or changed

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Q

experimental group

A

group that is tested

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Q

control group

A

group compared to the experiment

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Q

left brain

A

language and logic

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Q

right brain

A

creative and spatial

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Q

corpus callosum

A

divides the brain

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Q

cerebral cortex

A

covers the brain

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Q

sympathetic nervous system

A

“flight-or-fight”

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Q

parasympathetic

A

calming

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Q

neurotransmitters

A

in the nervous system

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Q

hormones

A

in the endocrine system

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Q

lateral hypothalamus

A

stimulates hunger

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Q

ventromedial hypothalamus

A

suppresses hunger

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Q

Broca’s area

A

makes words

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Q

Wernicke’s area

A

comprehends words

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Q

identical twins

A

same fertilized egg

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Q

fraternal twins

A

two separate eggs

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Q

afferent neurons

A

sensory, body to the brain

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Q

efferent neurons

A

motor, brain to the body

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Q

assimilation

A

all four-legged animals are “doggies”

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Q

accommodation

A

“doggies” are differnent than “kitties”

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Q

concrete operations

A

logical thinking

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Q

formal operations

A

philosophical thinking

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sensation

bottom-up processing

perception

top-down processing

rods

night vision

cones

color vision

classical conditioning

involuntary

operant conditioning

voluntary

primacy effect

first items remembered

recency effect

last items remembered

proactive memory

loss of the new info

retroactive interference

loss of the old info

implicit memory

nondeclarative; skills

explicit memory

declarative; facts

recall memory

no cues

recognition memory

some hints

algorithms

step-by-step formula

heuristics

rule-of-thumb

representative heuristics

stereotypes

availability heuristics

based on avaliable info

phonemes

basic sound units

morphemes

basic units of meaning

fluid intelligence

"brain power"

crystallized intelligence

acquired knowledge

validity

test measures what it should

reliability

same scores on a retest

achievement tests

what you've learned

aptitude

what you can do

intrinsic motivation

for personal satisfaction

extrinsic motivation

for rewards or to avoid punishment

theory y

democratic

theory x

rewards or punishment

internal locus

controlling the enviorment

external locus

the enviorment controls you

lithium

treats bi-polar

librium

treats anxiety

type A

high stress

type B

low stress